Editing GSG 9 (section)

==Operations==
GSG 9 is deployed for counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, and high-risk law enforcement operations, including responses to kidnapping, extortion, and serious organized crime. An increasing number of arrests by GSG 9 are conducted in the area of [[cybercrime]], which often requires quick action to preserve evidence. The number of deployments in cases of threats to public safety has also increased. The unit is very active in developing and testing methods and tactics for these missions. In total, the GSG 9 completes around 50-60 missions every year.<ref name="GSG9" />

In contrast to the ''[[SEK (Germany)|Spezialeinsatzkommando]]s'' (SEK) units in each of the [[States of Germany|regional states of Germany]], which are trained and equipped for similar missions, GSG 9, which operates on a federal level, can only conduct operations within a state's jurisdiction with the state's consent. Operations on a federal level outside the Federal Republic of Germany require the foreign nation's consent, such as in a rescue operation of German citizens in a foreign country. Despite the paramilitary nature of the unit, GSG 9 officers are strictly limited to policing and tactical intervention operations and cannot engage in military conflict, as they are considered [[Combatant|non-combatants]] under international law.

Until 2009, GSG 9 was regularly deployed in foreign countries as part of a security detail for German embassies in hazardous regions. Due to the workload from these deployments, the [[PSA BPOL]] was created.<ref name="auto2">https://www.bundespolizei.de/Web/DE/04Aktuelles/05Kompakt/Bis-02-2019/2017/kompakt_5-17_file.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=5 {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref>

From 1972 to 2003, GSG 9 reportedly completed over 1,500 missions,<ref>{{cite web|title=Federal Police - Duties and Organization - Special Forces GSG 9|page=17|date=4 August 2005 |url=http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Broschueren/The_Bundespolizei_Federal_police_force_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile|website=Federal Ministry of the Interior|archive-date=23 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923222223/http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Broschueren/The_Bundespolizei_Federal_police_force_en.pdf?__blob=publicationFile}}</ref> discharging their weapons on only five occasions. At the [[SWAT World Challenge]] in 2005, GSG 9 won all eight events, beating 17 other teams. They defended their championship the following year<ref>[http://www.swatseries.com/html/History.php History of The Original SWAT WORLD Challenge] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222095934/http://www.swatseries.com/html/History.php |date=February 22, 2012 }} "Team GSG-9, the Federal Border Police of Germany, swept the competition and won all seven events."</ref> and placed fifth in 2007.

===Assistance and training of other units===
Following the successful rescue operation of [[Lufthansa Flight 181]], GSG 9 received numerous requests from various countries to help train their special operations units. One example is when GSG 9 was consulted, among other units, during the creation of the US Army's [[Delta Force]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iBGzsr7kEBYC&pg=PA93|title = Militärische Antiterroreinheiten als Antwort auf die Bedrohung des internationalen Terrorismus und Instrument nationaler Sicherheitspolitik - das Beispiel Amerika|isbn = 9783896758415|last1 = Rojahn|first1 = Christoph|year = 2000| publisher=Herbert Utz Verlag }}</ref>

Germany offered to assist [[India]] in the wake of the [[2008 Mumbai attacks|November 2008 Mumbai attacks]]. GSG 9 helped train and upgrade the [[National Security Guard]], the primary Indian counter-terrorism unit.<ref>{{cite web |title=Elite German police wing to train NSG |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/elite-german-police-wing-to-train-nsg/400650/ |date=2008-12-20 |access-date=2011-01-25 |publisher=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref> Further assistance was provided to the [[Mumbai Police]] to help them establish a police tactical unit.<ref>{{cite web |last=Samanta |first=Pranab Dhal |title=German counter-terror force to help set up Mumbai SWAT team |url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/german-counterterror-force-to-help-set-up-mumbai-swat-team/440320/ |date=2009-03-29 |access-date=2011-01-25 |publisher=[[Indian Express]]}}</ref>

The suspected involvement of retired GSG 9 operators in training Libyan security forces in 2008 led to harsh criticism in German media coverage.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/deutschland/libyen-affaere-elitepolizisten-auf-abwegen-ermittler-enthuellen-dickicht-schmutziger-geschaefte-a-545472.html|title = Libyen-Affäre: Elitepolizisten auf Abwegen - Ermittler enthüllen Dickicht schmutziger Geschäfte|newspaper = Der Spiegel|date = 4 April 2008|last1 = Diehl|first1 = Jörg|last2 = Gebauer|first2 = Matthias}}</ref> Additionally, GSG 9's assistance in training [[Belarus]]ian security forces from 2008 to 2011 has also been heavily criticized.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/weissrussland-opposition-empoert-ueber-hilfe-fuer-lukaschenko-polizei-a-851962.html|title = Weißrussland: Opposition empört über Hilfe für Lukaschenko-Polizei|newspaper = Der Spiegel|date = 24 August 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.spiegel.de/politik/ausland/polizisten-aus-weissrussland-lernten-auch-bei-gsg-9-a-864849.html|title = Polizisten aus Weißrussland lernten auch bei GSG 9|newspaper = Der Spiegel|date = November 2012}}</ref>

In 2015, GSG 9 commenced training the specialized "[[Arrest unit#BFE+|BFE+]]" operators of the [[Arrest unit]]s of the German Federal Police.