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Fredrika Bremer
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==Travel== Inspired by the work of [[Democracy in America|De Tocqueville]] and [[Society in America|Martineau]], Bremer visited and traveled extensively through the United States. Leaving [[Copenhagen]] on 11 September 1849, she arrived in [[New York City|New York]] on 4 October. With the intent of studying the effect of democratic institutions upon society, particularly for women, she visited [[Boston]] and [[New England]],{{sfnp|''SBL''|1926}} where she met [[Ralph Waldo Emerson|Emerson]], [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow|Longfellow]], [[James Russell Lowell|Lowell]], [[Nathaniel Hawthorne|Hawthorne]],{{sfnp|Forsås-Scott|1997|p=48}} and [[Washington Irving|Irving]]; the [[Shakers|Shaker]] and [[Quakers|Quaker communities]] of the [[Mid-Atlantic States]];<ref name=afbs/> the [[Antebellum South|South]], where she examined the conditions of its [[slavery in the United States|black slaves]]; and the [[Midwestern United States#Immigration and industrialization|Midwest]], where she toured its [[Scandinavian Americans|Scandinavian]] communities<ref name=clanders>{{citation |last=Anderson |first=Carl L. |contribution=Fredrika Bremer's 'Spirit of the New World' |page=187 |title=The New England Quarterly, ''Vol. 38, No. 2'' |date=June 1965 <!--|doi=10.2307/363589 |pages=187–201 --> }}</ref> and [[Native Americans in the United States|Indians]]. Like [[Alexis de Tocqueville|De Tocqueville]] before her, she visited [[American prison system|America's prisons]] and spoke with prisoners.<ref name=afbs/> She then visited [[Spanish Cuba]] before returning to New York, leaving for Europe on 13 September 1851.{{sfnp|''SBL''|1926}} Throughout her journey, she wrote extensive letters to her sister Agathe<ref name=afbs/> which were later edited into her 2-volume 1853 ''Homes in the New World''.{{sfnp|''SBL''|1926}} Having previously portrayed the Swedish home as a world unto itself, she now portrayed the American world as a great home through the many families who hosted her as she roamed.<ref name=afbs/> She spent six weeks in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]],{{sfnp|''SBL''|1926}} visiting [[Liverpool]], [[Manchester]], [[Birmingham]], and [[London]] and meeting [[Elizabeth Gaskell]], [[Charles Kingsley]], and [[George Eliot]]. Her series of articles about England for the ''[[Aftonbladet]]'' largely concerned her favorable impression of the [[Great Exhibition]], which she visited four times.{{sfnp|Forsås-Scott|1997|p=48}} They were later gathered for English publication as ''England in 1851''.
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