Editing Foreign relations of Syria (section)

===Africa===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Algeria}}||27 August 1962|| {{small|See [[Algeria–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 August 1962.<ref name="auto52"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Algiers]].
*Algeria has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=277107|access-date=22 July 2022|date=2 July 2022|title=Syrian- Algerian relations are distinguished in all fields, Algerian Ambassador in Damascus|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency}}</ref> 
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|-
|{{Flag|Angola}}
|10 February 1999
|
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 February 1999.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic Relations Between Angola and Syrian Arab Republic as of 10 Feb. 1999 |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/1475186?ln=en |access-date=27 April 2023 |publisher=United Nations Digital Library| date=10 February 1999 | last1=Republic | first1=Syrian Arab }}</ref>
*In 2021, [[Faisal Mekdad]], Foreign and Expatriates Minister, met with Minister of Foreign Affairs of Angola, [[Tete António]], within the framework of the High-Level Meeting to Commemorate the 60th Anniversary of the First Conference of the [[Non-Aligned Movement]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=251130 | title=Mikdad holds intensive meetings with heads of delegations at NAM High-Level Meeting | agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=12 October 2021 }}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Benin}}
|29 November 1964||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 November 1964.<ref name="auto56">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uo5fALOV-VMC&dq=Syria+to+establish+diplomatic+relations+at+ambassadorial+level+with+Dahomey+...+1964&pg=RA4-PP6 |title=Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts Issues 233–234 |publisher=United States. Central Intelligence Agency |year=1964}}</ref>
*Syria has an honorary consulate in [[Cotonou]].<ref name="SyriaAfr"/>
|-
|{{Flag|Cameroon}}
|29 November 1964
|
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 November 1964.<ref name="auto56"/>
*In 2017, President Bashar al-Assad received on Thursday a cable of congratulation from President of Cameroon [[Paul Biya]] on occasion of Syria's Independence Day.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=104703 | title=President al-Assad receives congratulatory cables from presidents of China, Belarus and Cameroon on occasion of Independence Day|agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=20 April 2017 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Egypt}}||1944|| {{small|See [[Egypt–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1944 when Rafik Asha was accredited as Chargé d'Affaires of Syrian Legation (Embassy) in Cairo.<ref name="auto44"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Cairo]].
*Egypt has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{cite web|title = Egypt and Syria to keep consulate relations: FM spokesperson – Politics – Egypt – Ahram Online|url = http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/75951/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-and-Syria-to-keep-consulate-relations-FM-spo.aspx|website = english.ahram.org.eg|access-date = 18 January 2016|archive-date = 18 October 2016|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161018044753/http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/75951/Egypt/Politics-/Egypt-and-Syria-to-keep-consulate-relations-FM-spo.aspx|url-status = dead}}</ref> 
*In June 2013 Egypt's president [[Mohammed Morsi]] announced he would cut all relations with the Syrian government.<ref name="BBC News 2013 Egypt to cut">{{cite web | title=Egypt to cut diplomacy with Syria | publisher=BBC News | date=16 June 2013 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-middle-east-22924575/egypt-to-cut-off-diplomatic-relations-with-syria | access-date=16 February 2019}}</ref> Under [[Abdel Fattah el-Sisi]], however, Egypt has taken a more supportive stance towards Syria's government. In 2017, for example, Egypt called for Syria's re-admittance to the Arab League.<ref name="MEMRI 2017">{{cite web | title=In Advance of Arab League Summit in Jordan, Calls in Arab Countries To Reinstate Syria's League Membership; Syrian Writers Reject Calls For Reinstatement, Saying Syria Will Return Only If Arab League Apologizes To It | website=MEMRI | date=23 March 2017 | url=https://www.memri.org/reports/advance-arab-league-summit-jordan-calls-arab-countries-reinstate-syrias-league-membership | access-date=18 February 2019}}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Libya}}||1963 || {{small|See [[Libya–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963.<ref name="LY63"/>
*Syria is accredited to Libya from its embassy in Cairo.<ref name="mofaex.gov.sy">{{Cite web |title=موقع وزارة الخارجية والمغتربين- الجمهورية العربية السورية |url=http://mofaex.gov.sy/ar/pages753/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7-%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%AF-%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=mofaex.gov.sy}}</ref>
*Libya has an embassy in Damascus.
*President [[Bashar al-Assad]], [[Syria]]n head of state, responded to the [[Syrian civil war]] in a manner frequently compared by protesters to [[Muammar Gaddafi]]'s crackdown in February 2011 and beyond.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/08/22/syria-protesters-gaddafi-assad_n_932868.html|agency=HuffPost|date=22 August 2011|access-date=10 October 2011|title=Syria Protesters: Gaddafi Is Gone, Assad Will Follow}}</ref>
*Syria voted at the [[United Nations General Assembly]] to accredit the NTC as representative of Libya on 16 September 2011.<ref name="sixty-sixth">{{cite news |url=https://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2011/ga11137.doc.htm |title=After Much Wrangling, General Assembly Seats National Transitional Council of Libya as Country's Representative for Sixty-Sixth Session|agency=UN General Assembly|date=16 September 2011 |access-date=2 September 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2011/09/20/Gadhafi-His-government-wont-be-ousted/UPI-42191316527125/?spt=htr|work=United Press International|date=20 September 2011|access-date=10 October 2011|title=Gadhafi: His government won't be ousted}}</ref>
*On 10 October 2011, Libya became the first country to recognise the [[Syrian National Council]] as "the sole legitimate government in Syria". 
*NTC also ordered the Syrian Embassy in [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]] to be shuttered until further notice.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.khaleejtimes.com/displayarticle.asp?xfile=data/international/2011/October/international_October385.xml&section=international&col=|work=Khaleej Times|date=11 October 2011 |access-date=10 October 2011|title=Libya NTC says recognises Syrian National Council|archive-date=11 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011004321/http://www.khaleejtimes.com/displayarticle.asp?xfile=data%2Finternational%2F2011%2FOctober%2Finternational_October385.xml&section=international&col=}}</ref> They also promised the representatives of SNC to hand them over the embassy of Syria in Tripoli.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=embassy-in-libya-to-snc-2011-10-20|author=İpek Yezdani|title=Syria dissidents secure Libya embassy promise|date=20 October 2011|access-date=23 October 2011|work=Hürriyet Daily News|archive-date=16 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140116212757/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=embassy-in-libya-to-snc-2011-10-20}}</ref>
*On 1 March 2020, a Libyan diplomatic delegation, representing the [[Libyan House of Representatives]], visited Damascus to sign a [[memorandum of understanding]] (MoU) regarding reactivating the diplomatic missions between the two countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sana.sy/en/?p=187087|title=Syria, Libya discuss bilateral relations, means to reactivate them in different domains |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=1 March 2020|access-date=2 March 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302055050/https://sana.sy/en/?p=187087 |archive-date=2 March 2020}}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Mauritania}}||11 June 1966||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 1966.<ref name="auto26"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Nouakchott]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.consul.info/en/embassy-syria-nouakchott | title=Syrian Embassy in Nouakchott, Mauritania | access-date=9 June 2022 | archive-date=26 February 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230226063852/https://www.consul.info/en/embassy-syria-nouakchott | url-status=dead }}</ref>
*Mauritania has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/middle-east/mauritania-affirms-good-ties-with-syrias-assad-regime/1807452 | title=Mauritania affirms good ties with Syria's Assad regime }}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Morocco}}||2 June 1956|| {{small|See [[Morocco–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 June 1956.<ref name="Middle East Institute"/>
*Syria is accredited to Morocco from its embassy in Algiers.<ref name="mofaex.gov.sy"/>
*Morocco has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2023/02/353898/moroccan-embassy-in-syria-sets-up-crisis-unit-following-deadly-earthquake|title=Moroccan Embassy in Syria Sets Up Crisis Unit Following Deadly Earthquake|first=Oussama Aamari-Morocco World|last=News|website=moroccoworldnews.com|date=6 February 2023 }}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|-
|{{Flag|Mozambique}}
|5 August 1975
|
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 August 1975.<ref name="auto49"/>
*In 2018, a meeting took place between [[José Condungua Pacheco]] and [[Walid Muallem]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=139033 | title=Lavrov: Terrorist groups surface in areas where US forces are deployed in al-Tanf and al-Rukban Camp |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency| date=28 May 2018 }}</ref> 
|- valign="top" 
|{{flag|Nigeria}}||30 September 1965||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 September 1965.<ref name="auto5"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Abuja]] and honorary consulates in [[Lagos]] and [[Kano (city)|Kano]].<ref name="SyriaAfr">{{Cite web|url=https://mofaex.gov.sy/ar/embassies/#africa|title=Embassies and consulates of Syria in Africa|publisher=mofaex.gov.sy|access-date=20 October 2024}}</ref>
*Nigeria has an embassy in Damascus.<ref name="sana.sy">{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=253284 | title=Mikdad receives credentials of charge d' affaires of Nigerian Embassy in Damascus | date=2 November 2021 }}</ref>
*In 2022, Nigeria called for lifting all sanctions imposed on Syria.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=267189 | title=Nigeria calls for lifting all sanctions imposed on Syria | agency=Syrian Arab News Agency|date=22 March 2022 }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|SADR}}||15 April 1980 (recognition)|| See {{small|See [[Western Sahara–Syria relations]]}}
*Syria officially recognized SADR on 15 April 1980, but does not maintain diplomatic relations with it.<ref name="SADR official web">{{Cite web| title = States recognizing the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic| language = ar
|publisher = Official Website of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic| url = http://www.rasd-state.ws/reconocimientos_rasd.htm
| access-date = 21 April 2008|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071031153428/http://www.rasd-state.ws/reconocimientos_rasd.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 31 October 2007}}</ref>
*SADR has General Delegation in Damascus.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Senegal}}||21 January 1965||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1965.<ref name="auto48"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Dakar]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=289439|title=Before President al-Assad, several Syrian Ambassadors sworn in|date=7 November 2022|access-date=8 November 2022|agency=[[Syrian Arab News Agency]]|author=Kinda Al Mahmoud /Baraa Ali}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=297388|title=Senegal President expresses desire to strengthen bilateral relations with Syria|date=21 January 2023|access-date=8 May 2023|agency=[[Syrian Arab News Agency]]|author=Fedaa al-Rhayiah / Hala Zain}}</ref>
*Senegal is accredited to Syria from its embassy in Cairo.<ref name="SANA">{{cite web | url=https://sana.sy/en/?p=145006 | title=Exhibition held for Syrian products in Dakar |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency| date=17 August 2018 }}</ref> 
|-
|{{Flag|Somalia}}
|13 December 1964
|
{{small|See [[Somalia–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1964.<ref name="auto28"/>
* President [[Hafez al-Assad]] and President [[Siad Barre]] had a positive relationship despite Somalia's very strong economic and military ties to Syria's then-geopolitical rival, [[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]]. Syria also provided limited intelligence and logistics support to Somalia during the [[Ogaden War]] despite the [[Russia–Syria relations#1966–2010|Soviet-Syrian special relationship]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=IRAQ & SYRIA: PRESIDENT BARRE OF SOMALIA CONTINUES TOUR OF ARAB A??? ISLAMIC STATES. |url=https://www.britishpathe.com/asset/ |access-date=25 May 2023 |website=British Pathé}}</ref>
* Syria has a non-resident embassy in [[Sanaa]].<ref name="mofaex.gov.sy"/>
* Syria formerly had an embassy in [[Mogadishu]] but vacated it in 1991 due to the outbreak of the [[Somali Civil War]].
* Somalia has an embassy in Damascus.<ref name=":0" />  
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|South Africa}}||1 June 1994||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 June 1994.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bilateral Relations (country profiles listed alphabetically) |url=https://www.dirco.gov.za/bilateral-relations/ |access-date=17 May 2023 |website=dirco.gov.za}}</ref>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Pretoria]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gov.za/about-government/contact-directory/foreign-reps/foreign-reps/syrian-arab-republic-embassy | title=Syria &#91; Arab Republic of &#93; Embassy &#124; South African Government }}</ref>
*South Africa has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sana.sy/en/?p=254625 | title=Syria, South Africa to enhance parliamentary, economic cooperation | date=15 November 2021 }}</ref>
*Both countries share close political and economic relations.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sana.sy/en/?p=46265 |title=Al-Moallem briefs the visiting South African delegation on escalating terror threats and countries' involvement |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency |date=25 June 2015 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sana.sy/en/?p=46454 |title=President al-Assad warns of the "international problem" of terrorism, refers to BRICS role to unify anti-terror efforts |agency=Syrian Arab News Agency |date=27 June 2015 |access-date=9 October 2015}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Sudan}}||28 January 1957|| {{small|See [[Sudan–Syria relations]]}}
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 January 1957, when Ambassador of Syria to Sudan (resident in Cairo) Mr. Abdel Rahman El Azm was accredited.<ref name="auto16"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Khartoum]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.embassypages.com/syria-embassy-khartoum-sudan|title=Embassy of Syria in Khartoum, Sudan}}</ref>
*Sudan has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.embassypages.com/sudan-embassy-damascus-syria|title=Embassy of Sudan in Damascus, Syria}}</ref>
*On 16 December 2018, Sudanese President, [[Omar al-Bashir]], became the first Arab League member to visit Syria since the eruption of [[Syrian civil war]] in 2011.<ref>{{cite news|date=17 December 2018|title=Sudan's president becomes first Arab League member to visit Syria since 2011|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/omar-al-bashir-visit-syria-assad-sudan-arab-league-member-war-crimes-icc-a8686846.html|access-date=4 November 2021|website=The Independent|location=London}}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Tanzania}}||13 September 1966||
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 September 1966.<ref name="G.P. Maisonneuve"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Dar-es-Salaam]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Embassy of Syria in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania |url=https://www.foreign.go.tz/missions/category/diplomatic-corps}}</ref>
*Tanzania is accredited to Syria from its embassy in [[Cairo]].
*In 2013, Tanzania supported Syrian government in the civil war.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.syriaonline.sy/index.php?f=Details&catid=12&pageid=5657&g=1 |title=Tanzania Supports Syria in Fighting Terrorism |publisher=Syrian TV |date=29 April 2013 |access-date=17 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327161821/http://www.syriaonline.sy/index.php?f=Details&catid=12&pageid=5657&g=1 |archive-date=27 March 2016}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Tunisia}}||2 June 1956||{{small|See [[Syria–Tunisia relations]]}}
*Both countries establishged diplomatic relations on 2 June 1956.<ref name="Middle East Institute"/>
*Syria has an embassy in [[Tunis]].<ref name="mofaex.gov.sy"/>
*Tunisia has an embassy in Damascus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alwatanonline.com/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%B9-%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1/|title=
السفير عبد الهادي يطلع سفير تونس في سورية عل مستجدات القضية الفلسطينية|work=
الوطن أون لاين|date=1 June 2023|access-date=1 June 2023|publisher=Al Watan online|last1=
Ibrahem|first1=
Ali}}</ref>
*Tunisia ceased to recognise the government of Syria on 4 February 2012. During his tenure, [[Hamadi Jebali]], the Prime Minister, called on fellow Arab states to follow its lead: "We have to expel the Syrian ambassadors from Arab countries."<ref>Damien McElroy "[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9062745/Britain-under-pressure-to-withdraw-diplomatic-recognition-of-Syria.html Britain under pressure to withdraw diplomatic recognition of Syria]" ''The Daily Telegraph'' 5 February 2012</ref>
*In 2019, [[France24]] speculated that new president [[Kais Saied]] could renew his country's diplomatic relations with Syria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20191023-tunisia-s-new-president-sworn-in-after-surprise-election-win|title=Tunisia's new president sworn in after surprise election win|website=France24|date=23 October 2019}}</ref>
*Following the [[2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake]], President Saied decided to strengthen diplomatic ties with Syria to the ambassador level.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/tunisian-president-decides-strengthen-diplomatic-ties-with-syria-2023-02-09/|title=Tunisian president decides to strengthen diplomatic ties with Syria|work=[[Reuters]]|date=9 February 2023}}</ref>
*In April 2023, Syria officially re-established diplomatic relations with Tunisia.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/syria-tunisia-reestablish-diplomatic-relations/7055258.html|title=Syria, Tunisia Reestablish Diplomatic Relations|date=18 April 2023|access-date=1 June 2023|publisher=VOA News}}</ref>
*Both countries are members of [[Arab League]].
|-
|{{Flag|Uganda}}
|28 June 1972
|
*Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 1972.<ref name="auto43"/>
*Syria has an honorary consulate in [[Kampala]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.alwatanonline.com/%D8%B5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA-%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%AB-%D9%85%D8%B9-%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A/|title=صباغ يبحث مع نظيريه الكوري الديمقراطي والفنزويلي العلاقات الثنائية|first=Mortada|last=Moh|date=17 January 2024|website=الوطن أون لاين}}</ref>
|-
|{{Flag|Zimbabwe}}
|
|
*Syria is accredited to Zimbabwe from its embassy in [[Pretoria]].
*On 1 June 2014, chairperson of the Parliamentary Portfolio Committee on Foreign Affairs [[Cde Enock Porusingazi]] said that Zimbabwe stood in solidarity with Syria and its people, supporting their government.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.herald.co.zw/zimbabwe-stands-by-syria/|publisher=herald.co.zw |access-date=2 August 2022|title=Zimbabwe stands by Syria}}</ref>
|}