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===County established and growth=== The state legislature formed Falls County from [[Limestone County, Texas|Limestone]] and [[Milam County, Texas|Milam]] Counties in 1850, and named it after the falls of the [[Brazos River]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Falls of the Brazos River |publisher=Texas Historical Markers |url=http://www.9key.com/markers/marker_detail.asp?atlas_number=5145001563 |access-date=May 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314204853/http://www.9key.com/markers/marker_detail.asp?atlas_number=5145001563 |archive-date=March 14, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA123 | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=123}}</ref> Marlin became the county seat. By the census of 1860<ref>{{cite web | title=1860 Census Falls County | publisher=Falls County Genealogy | url=http://www.txgenweb6.org/txfalls/censusdata.html | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721054949/http://www.txgenweb6.org/txfalls/censusdata.html | url-status=dead | archive-date=July 21, 2011 | access-date=May 3, 2010 }}</ref> the county had 1,716 slaves. Falls County voted in favor of [[Texas in the American Civil War|secession]] from the Union. The county fared better during [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]] than most, perhaps due to its distance from areas subject to [[Union (Civil War)|Union]] military occupation. Marlin<ref>{{cite web | title=Marlin, Texas | publisher=Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. | url=http://www.texasescapes.com/TOWNS/Marlin/marlin.htm | access-date=May 3, 2010}} Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.</ref> began to be known for the healing powers of its hot mineral waters by the 1890s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Marlin, Texas History |publisher=Marlin, Texas |url=http://www.marlintexas.com/history.htm |access-date=May 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403162815/http://www.marlintexas.com/history.htm |archive-date=April 3, 2009 }}</ref> [[Conrad Hilton]] built the Falls Hotel, with a tunnel to a mineral bath, to accommodate the business generated by the hot spring. The [[Houston and Texas Central Railway]]<ref>{{Handbook of Texas | name=Houston Texas and Central Railway | id= eqh09| author=Werner, George C | retrieved=May 3, 2010}} Texas State Historical Association</ref> became the first railroad through the county around 1870. The Waco Division of the [[San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway]],<ref>{{cite web| title=San Antonio and Aransas Pass Railway| url=http://saap.tnorr.com/| access-date=May 3, 2010| url-status=dead| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060912172901/http://saap.tnorr.com/| archive-date=September 12, 2006}}</ref> in 1886β1925, had multiple stops in Falls County. In 1902, the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]]<ref>{{cite web | title=Missouri Pacific Railroad | publisher=Missouri Pacific Historical Society, Inc | url=http://www.mopac.org/history_mp.asp | access-date=May 3, 2010 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409011728/http://www.mopac.org/history_mp.asp | archive-date=April 9, 2011 }} Missouri Pacific Historical Society, Inc</ref> passed through the county. A log cabin served as the county's first courthouse in the 1850s,<ref>{{cite web|title=Falls County Courthouse |publisher=Texas Historical Markers |url=http://www.9key.com/markers/marker_detail.asp?atlas_number=5145011717 |access-date=May 3, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314204859/http://www.9key.com/markers/marker_detail.asp?atlas_number=5145011717 |archive-date=March 14, 2012 }}</ref> until the second courthouse was built of white cedar. The second courthouse burned in 1870. A third courthouse was built in 1876, but was damaged by a storm in 1886. A fourth courthouse was built in 1888, which by the 1930s had greatly deteriorated. The concrete, brick, and stone fifth and present-day courthouse, designed by architect Arthur E. Thomas,<ref>{{cite web | title=Falls County Courthouse | publisher=Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC. | url=http://www.texasescapes.com/TOWNS/Marlin/Marlin-Texas-Falls-County-Courthouse.htm#1888 | access-date=May 3, 2010}} Texas Escapes - Blueprints For Travel, LLC.</ref> was completed in 1939.
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