Editing Fado (section)

==Varieties==
There are two main varieties of fado, linked respectively to the cities of [[Lisbon]] and [[Coimbra]]. 

The Lisbon style is better known, owing much to the popularity of Amália Rodrigues. It has been suggested that fado appeared on the streets of Lisbon only after 1840. Before then the sailor's fado was sung at the bow of a boat, serving as a model for the first fados sung on land.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://o-faiante-no-piano.webnode.es/l/fado-do-marinheiro/ | title=Fado do marinheiro :: O-faiante-no-piano | date=20 November 2016 }}</ref> Lisbon hosts a Fado Museum.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.museudofado.pt/en | title=Museu do Fado }}</ref> 
 
===Coimbra fado===
{{main|Coimbra fado}}
[[File:Queima 2009.jpg|thumb|[[Coimbra]] students playing fado in a [[serenade]] at the front door of the [[Old Cathedral of Coimbra|Old Cathedral of Coimbra (''Sé Velha)'']]]]
The fado style of Coimbra is traditionally linked to the city's [[University of Coimbra|university]] and the style of medieval serenading [[troubadours]]. It is sung exclusively by men; both the singers and musicians wear the academic outfit (traje académico): dark robe, cape and leggings. Dating to the [[troubadour]] tradition of medieval times, it is sung at night, almost in the dark, in city squares or streets. Typical venues are the steps of the [[Santa Cruz Monastery]] and the [[Old Cathedral of Coimbra]]. It is also customary to organize [[serenade]]s where songs are performed before the window of a woman to be courted.

As in Lisbon, Coimbra fado is accompanied by the ''guitarra portuguesa'' and ''viola'' (a type of guitar).  The Coimbra guitar has evolved into an instrument different from that of Lisbon, with its own tuning, sound colouring, and construction. [[Artur Paredes]], a progressive and innovative singer, revolutionised the tuning of the guitar and the style with which it accompanied Coimbra fado. Artur Paredes was the father of [[Carlos Paredes]]. He followed in his father's footsteps and expanded on his work, making the Portuguese guitar an instrument known around the world.

In the 1950s, a new movement led the singers of Coimbra to adopt the ballad and folklore. They began interpreting lines of the great poets, both classical and contemporary, as a form of resistance to the [[António de Oliveira Salazar|Salazar]] dictatorship. In this movement names such as [[Adriano Correia de Oliveira]] and [[José Afonso]] (Zeca Afonso) had a leading role in popular music during the [[Carnation Revolution]] of 1974.

Some of the most famous fados of Coimbra include: ''Fado Hilário'', ''Saudades de Coimbra'' ("Do Choupal até à Lapa"), ''Balada da Despedida'' ("Coimbra tem mais encanto, na hora da despedida" - the first phrases are often more recognizable than the song titles), ''O meu menino é d'oiro'', and ''[[Samaritan]]a''. The "judge-singer" [[Fernando Machado Soares]] is an important figure, being the author of some of those famous fados.

Curiously, it is not a Coimbra fado but a popular song which is the most known title referring to this city: ''Coimbra é uma lição'', which had success with titles such as ''April in Portugal''.