Editing Edinburgh Academy (section)

== Abuse==
In 2020 and 2021, six men accused a man later named as Iain Wares<ref name=renton/> of physical and sexual abuse when they were pupils in the 1970s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Macaskill |first=Mark |date=9 May 2021 |title=More men accuse ex-Fettes teacher of historical abuse |location= London |work=The Sunday Times |url= https://www.thetimes.com/uk/law/article/more-men-accuse-ex-fettes-teacher-of-historical-abuse-7k9nbs9pd |url-access=subscription}}</ref> The [[Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service|Scottish Crown Prosecution Service]] was initially reluctant to prosecute because of difficulties in seeking his extradition from South Africa, where he had moved, and his advanced age,<ref>{{Cite news |last=McKenzie |first=Jamie |date=1 May 2021 |title=Crown decision not to extradite alleged Fettes abuser branded 'weak' by politicians as South African lawyers question it |url= https://www.edinburghnews.scotsman.com/news/crime/crown-office-decision-not-to-extradite-alleged-fettes-college-abuser-branded-weak-by-politicians-as-south-african-lawyers-question-position-3220942|work= Edinburgh Evening News}}</ref> but South Africa in 2020 approved the UK's request for extradition on six charges of lewd, indecent and libidinous practices and behaviour and one of indecent assault.<ref name=schoonbee>{{Cite news |title=Nicky Campbell teacher admits schoolboy abuse in court documents |last1=Cook |first1=James |last2=Schoonbee |first2=Karen |work=BBC News |date=6 August 2022 |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-62442766}}</ref>

On 27 July 2022, broadcaster [[Nicky Campbell]] disclosed that he had witnessed and experienced sexual and violent physical abuse while a pupil at the Edinburgh Academy in the 1970s.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-07-27 |title=Nicky Campbell: School abuse still haunts me |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-62308621 |access-date=2022-07-27}}</ref><ref>{{Cite AV media|title=Different with Nicky Campbell: Edgar|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/p0cp3mw7 |type=Audio, 55'|date=2022-07-27 |website=BBC Sounds|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| last=Brocklehurst | first=Steven | title='I can't bear his blood in me' - sex abuser's daughter | website=BBC News Scotland| date=22 February 2023 | url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-64487433}}</ref><ref name="Nicky Campbell: 'Abusive teacher at my school'"/> [[Alex Renton]], a journalist investigating child abuse in private schools, reported that ex-pupils of Edinburgh Academy had named 17 other staff members, employed between the 1950s and 1980s, as physical and sexual abusers.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-08-04 |title=Boys 'abused by 17 staff at elite school' attended by Nicky Campbell |language=en-GB |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/boys-abused-by-17-staff-at-elite-school-attended-by-nicky-campbell-6ggrs6cxh |access-date=2022-08-29}}</ref>

From 8 August 2023, the [[Scottish Child Abuse Inquiry]] (SCAI) hearings in Edinburgh, before [[Anne Smith, Lady Smith]], took evidence from former pupils and members of staff of the Edinburgh Academy and medical experts.<ref name="Abuse survivors condemn Edinburgh Academy">{{cite news |title=Abuse survivors condemn Edinburgh Academy ahead of inquiry |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-66430810 |access-date=27 August 2023 |agency=BBC |date=8 August 2023}}</ref> When actor [[Iain Glen]] spoke out about his abuse in 2002, "the wrath of Morningside and Muirfield and Murrayfield rained down on his head with biblical fury because he'd broken the code, the Edinburgh [[omertà]]".<ref name=brooks>{{cite news| last=Brooks | first=Libby | title='The injustice hurts you more': survivors tell of abuse at Edinburgh academy | newspaper=The Guardian | date=30 August 2023 |  url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/aug/30/weve-put-on-the-record-what-happened-survivors-tell-of-abuse-at-edinburgh-academy}}</ref><ref name="Boy 6 'Abused'" /><ref name="Scots school abuse survivor">{{cite news |last1=Mega |first1=Marcello |title=Scots school abuse survivor praises Nicky Campbell for bringing together ‘band of brothers’ |url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/scots-school-abuse-survivor-praises-30748108 |access-date=27 August 2023 |publisher=Daily Record |date=21 August 2023}}</ref><ref name="Nicky Campbell 'haunted'">{{cite news |last1=Brooks |first1=Libby |title=Nicky Campbell 'haunted' by abuse at Edinburgh Academy, inquiry hears |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/aug/22/nicky-campbell-scottish-child-abuse-inquiry-edinburgh-academy |access-date=27 August 2023 |publisher=Guardian |date=22 August 2023}}</ref>

Also frequently mentioned was Hamish Dawson, deceased, whose affectionate appreciation from the Rector in September 1984 was contradicted by testimony from many reporting having suffered at his hands.<ref name="Chronicle p. 131">{{cite journal|title=Staff: several departures; Mr Hamish Dawson's retirement (section)|url=https://edinburghacademy.cook.websds.net/Filename.ashx?tableName=ta_publications&columnName=filename&recordId=225|journal=The Edinburgh Academy Chronicle|volume=91|issue=3|date=September 1984|page=131}}</ref><ref name="Nicky Campbell: 'Abusive teacher at my school'">{{cite news |last=Billen |first=Andrew |title=Nicky Campbell: 'Abusive teacher at my school was up there with Savile'|url=https://www.thetimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/article/nicky-campbell-interview-abuse-paedophile-iain-wares-allegations-panorama-6tvhzgc9r |url-access=subscription |newspaper=The Times |date=24 November 2023}}</ref><ref name="Child abuser worked as Father Christmas">{{cite news |last1=O'Mahony |first1=Marsha |title=Child abuser worked as Father Christmas in Gloucestershire stores, claims broadcaster Nicky Campbell|url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/child-abuser-worked-father-christmas-7411896 |url-access=subscription |newspaper=Gloucestershire Live |date=4 August 2022}}</ref><ref name=renton>{{cite news| last=Renton | first=Alex | title='Jimmy Savile mark II': why was an alleged child abuser able to move from school to school? |newspaper=The Guardian | date=24 November 2023 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/nov/24/jimmy-savile-mark-ii-why-was-an-alleged-child-abuser-able-to-move-from-school-to-school}}</ref> On 30 August 2023, the school issued an apology for both the "brutal and unrestrained" historical abuse and its consequences for "grown men deeply damaged as children".<ref name="Edinburgh Academy apologises">{{cite web |title=Edinburgh Academy apologises for 'brutal' historical abuse |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-66664457 |website=BBC |access-date=31 August 2023}}</ref>

On 30 November 2023, [[BBC1]] broadcast a ''[[Panorama&nbsp;(British TV programme)|Panorama]]'' programme 'My Teacher the Abuser: Fighting for Justice',<ref name="My Teacher the Abuser">{{cite web |title=My Teacher the Abuser: Fighting for Justice |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m001sy42 |website=BBC |access-date=12 January 2024}}</ref> devoted to the history of abuse at the Edinburgh Academy and [[Fettes College]] and concentrating on the allegations against Iain Wares and the efforts to extradite him from South Africa.<ref name="My Teacher The Abuser review">{{cite news| last=Midgley | first=Carol | title=My Teacher the Abuser review — dealing with the slow-acting poison of abuse |newspaper=The Times | date=30 November 2023 | url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/law/article/my-teacher-the-abuser-television-review-suffering-relayed-with-haunting-clarity-2p8n72mws}}</ref><ref name="My Teacher The Abuser">{{cite news| last=Singh | first=Anita | title=My Teacher the Abuser: Fighting for Justice, review: courageous but chilling allegations of heinous abuse |newspaper=The Telegraph | date=30 November 2023 | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2023/11/30/my-teacher-the-abuser-fighting-for-justice-bbc-one-review/}}</ref> On 12 December 2023, [[Police Scotland]] announced that five former teaching staff aged between 69 and 90 had been arrested for questioning regarding alleged abuse incidents between 1968 and 1992, with one further individual to be referred to the authorities.<ref name="Five men charged">{{cite news| last=Horne | first=Mark | title=Five men charged over alleged historical abuse at Edinburgh Academy |newspaper=The Times | date=12 December 2023 | url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/five-arrests-over-sexual-abuse-at-edinburgh-academy-mkg3hm6z6}}</ref><ref name="Five men charged over alleged abuse">{{cite news| last=Brooks | first=Libby | title=Five men charged over alleged abuse of children at Edinburgh Academy |newspaper=The Guardian | date=12 December 2023 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/dec/12/five-men-charged-over-alleged-abuse-of-children-at-edinburgh-academy}}</ref>

On 11 March 2024 at [[Edinburgh Sheriff Court]], an [[examination of facts hearing]] regarding John Brownlee commenced as, at 89 and [[demented]], he was deemed unfit to stand trial. Nicky Campbell described repeated physical mistreatment. Other pupils had reported similar cases.<ref>{{cite web  | first1=Calum|last1=Watson |first2=James| last2=Delaney| title=BBC presenter Nicky Campbell tells of abuse by 'sadist' teacher | website=BBC News | date=13 March 2024 | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-68553387}}</ref>

On 27 March, after over two weeks' testimony from 42 former pupils, the [[Sheriff]] ruled that Brownlee had repeatedly committed a number of violent assaults against children aged between eight and 11 years, spanning 31 charges as well as ‘cruel and unnatural acts’ at the school.<ref>{{cite book|url= https://www.copfs.gov.uk/about-copfs/news/edinburgh-teacher-found-to-have-persecuted-young-boys/ |title=Edinburgh teacher found to have persecuted young boys |date=27 March 2024|publisher=COPFS}}</ref> A spokesman from the Edinburgh Academy Survivors group afterwards described Brownlee as a "violent monster" who had caused "a lifetime of damage to everyone concerned".<ref>{{cite news| title=Teacher abused boys at Nicky Campbell's school | website=BBC News Scotland| date=27 March 2024 | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-edinburgh-east-fife-68679000}}</ref> The evidence was also reported to have exposed a wider culture of complicity at the school.<ref name="Beatings, humiliation and a loss of self-worth">{{cite news| last=Carrell | first=Severin | title=Beatings, humiliation and a loss of self-worth: how Edinburgh Academy victims were scarred |newspaper=The Guardian | date=27 March 2024 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/mar/27/edinburgh-academy-john-brownlee-abuse}}</ref><ref name="‘Sadistic’ Edinburgh teacher">{{cite news| last=Carrell | first=Severin | title=‘Sadistic’ Edinburgh teacher found to have assaulted pupils for 20 years |newspaper=The Guardian | date=27 March 2024 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2024/mar/27/sadistic-teacher-john-brownlee-in-scottish-school-found-to-have-assaulted-pupils-for-20-years}}</ref><ref name="Edinburgh Academy teacher assaulted children">{{cite news| last=Lawrie | first=Alexander | title=Edinburgh Academy teacher assaulted children with a bat and snooker cue in sickening reign of terror |newspaper=Daily Record | date=27 March 2024 | url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/teacher-assaulted-kids-with-bat-32455730}}</ref>

The following day, 28 March, the school posted images on social media of pupils using 'clackens', the wooden bats previously used by a 'violent' Brownlee and others as instruments of correction. The images were subsequently removed.<ref name="Edinburgh Academy sorry">{{cite news| last=Horne | first=Mark | title=Edinburgh Academy sorry for images of wooden bats after abuse verdict |newspaper=The Times | date=2 April 2024 | url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/scotland/article/edinburgh-academy-image-pupils-wooden-bats-former-teacher-guilty-905vbfldv}}</ref> A school spokeswoman later said they had decided against banning the clacken for sporting use.<ref name="Edinburgh school considers ban on bats">{{cite news| last=Dalgetty | first=Lee | title=Nicky Campbell's former Edinburgh school considers ban on bats used to hit him |newspaper=Edinburgh Live | date=1 October 2024 | url=https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/edinburgh-news/nicky-campbells-former-edinburgh-school-30042331}}</ref>