Editing Economy of Macau (section)

==Trade==
In 2003, China's [[Ministry of Commerce (China)|Ministry of Commerce]] established [[Forum Macao]] in 2003.<ref name=":32">{{Cite book |last1=Shinn |first1=David H. |title=China's Relations with Africa: a New Era of Strategic Engagement |last2=Eisenman |first2=Joshua |date=2023 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-0-231-21001-0 |location=New York |author-link1=David H. Shinn}}</ref>{{Rp|page=62}} The Forum's objective is to increase economic ties between China and the Portuguese-speaking countries.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Galveston |first=Fernanda Lacerate Pereira |display-authors=etal |date=November 2017 |title=Fact Sheet: Macao Forum for Economic and Trade Co-Operation between China and Portuguese-Speaking Countries |url=https://bricspolicycenter.org/en/publications/forum-for-economic-and-trade-cooperation-between-china-and-portuguese-speaking-countries-macao/ |access-date=September 8, 2023 |website=BRICS Policy Center |archive-date=1 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221001221537/https://bricspolicycenter.org/en/publications/forum-for-economic-and-trade-cooperation-between-china-and-portuguese-speaking-countries-macao/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Its permanent secretariat is located in Macau.<ref name=":32"/>{{Rp|page=62–63}}

In 2011, Macau's market economy produced total exports of US$1.119 billion (MOP 8.94 billion) and consisted mainly of clothing, textiles, footwear, toys, electronics, machinery and parts. Total imports for the same period reached US$8.926 billion (MOP 71.32 billion), and consisted mostly of raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, consumer goods (foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco), capital goods, mineral fuels and oils. Macau's primary export partner in 2011 was Hong Kong (44.6%). Other exports go to Mainland China (15.9%) and United States (7.9%). Macau import partners are Mainland China (30.4%), Hong Kong (12%), France (10.4%), Switzerland (7.5%), Italy (7.5%), Japan (6.2%), and United States (6.1%).

In the second half of the 20th century, Macau's economy was diversified with the development of light industry, the influx of migrants from mainland China to serve as a labor force, and increased tourism. Portugal's efforts to develop economic and cultural links between Macau and Brazil and Portuguese holdings in Africa, however, were not successful. Economic ties to the [[European Union]] and [[Republic of China|Taiwan]] are considered important aspects of Macau's economic role as part of the People's Republic of China. Direct access to the neighbouring [[Zhuhai]] [[Special Economic Zone]] facilitates trade with mainland China. As a special administrative region, Macau functions as a [[free port]] and as a separate customs territory.