Editing Dorothea Lange (section)

===Japanese American internment===

[[File:JapaneseAmericansChildrenPledgingAllegiance1942-2.jpg|thumb|Children at the Weill public school in San Francisco recite the [[Pledge of Allegiance]] to the American flag in April 1942, prior to the internment of Japanese Americans]]
[[File:Manzanar Relocation Center, Manzanar, California. Grandfather and grandson of Japanese ancestry at . . . - NARA - 537994.jpg|thumb|Grandfather and grandson at [[Manzanar]] Relocation Center]]
In 1941, Lange became the first woman to be awarded a prestigious [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] for in Photography.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dorothea Lange|url=https://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/dorothea-lange/|publisher=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|access-date=August 26, 2016|archive-date=August 28, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828063642/http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/dorothea-lange/|url-status=live}}</ref> After the attack on [[Pearl Harbor]], she gave up the fellowship in order to go on assignment for the [[War Relocation Authority]] (WRA) to document the forced evacuation of [[Japanese Americans]] from the west coast of the US.<ref name=WDL1>{{cite web|title=Hayward, California, Two Children of the Mochida Family who, with Their Parents, Are Awaiting Evacuation|date=May 8, 1942|url=https://www.wdl.org/en/item/2736|publisher=[[World Digital Library]]|access-date=February 10, 2013|archive-date=November 21, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111121185319/http://www.wdl.org/en/item/2736/|url-status=live}}</ref> She covered the [[Japanese American internment|internment of Japanese Americans]]<ref>[https://freedomvoices.org/1langepx/wra531.htm Civil Control Station, Registration for evacuation and processing. San Francisco, April 1942. War Relocation Authority] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510085125/http://freedomvoices.org/1langepx/wra531.htm |date=May 10, 2021 }}, Photograph By Dorothea Lange, From the National Archive and Records Administration taken for the War Relocation Authority courtesy of the Bancroft Library, U.C. Berkeley, California. Published in ''Image and Imagination, Encounters with the Photography of Dorothea Lange'', Edited by Ben Clarke, Freedom Voices, San Francisco, 1997.</ref> and their subsequent incarceration, traveling throughout urban and rural California to photograph families required to leave their houses and hometowns on orders of the government. Lange visited several temporary assembly centers as they opened, eventually fixing on [[Manzanar]], the first of the permanent internment camps (located in eastern California, some 300 miles from the coast).

Much of Lange's work focused on the waiting and anxiety caused by the forced collection and removal of people: piles of luggage waiting to be sorted; families waiting for transport, wearing identification tags; young-to-elderly individuals, stunned, not comprehending why they must leave their homes, or what their future held.<ref>{{cite web |last=Alinder |first=Jasmine |url=https://encyclopedia.densho.org/Dorothea_Lange/ |title=Dorothea Lange |publisher=Densho Encyclopedia |access-date=August 28, 2014 |archive-date=August 14, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814082419/http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Dorothea_Lange/ |url-status=live }}</ref> (See [[Internment of Japanese Americans#Exclusion, removal, and detention|Exclusion, removal, detention]].) To many observers, Lange's photography—including one photo of American school children pledging allegiance to the flag shortly before being removed from their homes and schools and sent to internment<ref>[https://freedomvoices.org/1langepx/wra78.htm Pledge of allegiance at Rafael Weill Elementary School a few weeks prior to evacuation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510082434/http://freedomvoices.org/1langepx/wra78.htm |date=May 10, 2021 }}, April 1942. N.A.R.A.; 14GA-78 From the National Archive and Records Administration taken for the War Relocation Authority courtesy of the Bancroft Library. Published in ''Image and Imagination, Encounters with the Photography of Dorothea Lange'', Edited by Ben Clarke, Freedom Voices, San Francisco, 1997.</ref>—is a haunting reminder of the travesty of incarcerating people who are not charged with committing a crime.<ref>Davidov, Judith Fryer. ''Women's Camera Work''. 1998, p. 280</ref>

Sensitive to the implications of her images, authorities impounded most of Lange's photography of the internment process—these photos were not seen publicly during the war.<ref name="dl-nyt-nov2006">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/arts/design/06lang.html|title=Photographs of an Episode That Lives in Infamy|author=Dinitia Smith |newspaper=The New York Times|date=November 6, 2006|access-date=March 17, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170802023344/https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/06/arts/design/06lang.html|archive-date=August 2, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="dl-na-feb2017">{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/news/articles/japanese-internment-75th-anniversary|title=Correcting the Record on Dorothea Lange's Japanese Internment Photos|author=Kerri Lawrence|publisher=National Archives News|date=February 16, 2017|access-date=September 3, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170720022252/https://www.archives.gov/news/articles/japanese-internment-75th-anniversary|archive-date=July 20, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> Today her photography of the evacuations and internments is available in the [[National Archives and Records Administration|National Archives]] on the website of the Still Photographs Division, at the [[Bancroft Library]] of the [[University of California, Berkeley]], and at the [[Oakland Museum of California]].