Editing Doric order (section)

====Temples====
There are many theories as to the origins of the Doric order in temples. The term Doric is believed to have originated from the Greek-speaking Dorian tribes.<ref>Ian Jenkins, ''Greek Architecture And Its Sculpture'' (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 2006), 15.</ref> One belief is that the Doric order is the result of early wood prototypes of previous temples.<ref>Jenkins, 16.</ref> With no hard proof and the sudden appearance of stone temples from one period after the other, this becomes mostly speculation. Another belief is that the Doric was inspired by the architecture of [[Ancient Egypt|Egypt]].<ref>Jenkins, 16–17.</ref> With the Greeks being present in Ancient Egypt as soon the 7th-century BC, it is possible that Greek traders were inspired by the structures they saw in what they would consider foreign land. Finally, another theory states that the inspiration for the Doric came from Mycenae. At the ruins of this civilization lies architecture very similar to the Doric order. It is also in Greece, which would make it very accessible.

{{multiple image| align = left | direction = horizontal | header_align = left/right/center| footer = '''Left image''': Characteristic shape of the Doric [[anta (architecture)|anta]] [[capital (architecture)|capital]].<br> '''Right image''': Doric anta capital at the [[Athenian Treasury]] ({{circa|500 BC}}).| footer_align = left | image1 =Doric anta characteristic shape.jpg| width1 = 145 | caption1  = | image2 =Doric anta Athenian Treasury.jpg| width2 = 190| caption2 = }}
Some of the earliest examples of the Doric order come from the 7th-century BC. These examples include the [[Temple of Apollo (Corinth)|Temple of Apollo]] at [[Ancient Corinth|Corinth]] and the [[Nemea#Temple of Zeus|Temple of Zeus at Nemea]].<ref>Robin F. Rhodes, "Early Corinthian Architecture and the Origins of the Doric Order" in the ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 91, no. 3 (1987), 478.</ref> Other examples of the Doric order include the three 6th-century BC temples at Paestum in southern Italy, a region called Magna Graecia, which was settled by Greek colonists. Compared to later versions, the columns are much more massive, with a strong [[entasis]] or swelling, and wider capitals.

The Temple of the Delians is a "[[peripteral]]" Doric order temple, the largest of three dedicated to [[Apollo]] on the island of [[Delos]]. It was begun in 478 BC and never completely finished. During their period of independence from Athens, the Delians reassigned the temple to the island of [[Poros]]. It is "hexastyle", with six columns across the [[pediment]]ed end and thirteen along each long face. All the columns are centered under a triglyph in the [[frieze]], except for the corner columns. The plain, unfluted shafts on the columns stand directly on the platform (the ''stylobate''), without bases. The recessed "necking" in the nature of fluting at the top of the shafts and the wide cushionlike echinus may be interpreted as slightly self-conscious archaising features, for Delos is Apollo's ancient birthplace. However, the similar fluting at the base of the shafts might indicate an intention for the plain shafts to be capable of wrapping in drapery.

A classic statement of the Greek Doric order is the [[Temple of Hephaestus]] in Athens, built about 447 BC. The contemporary Parthenon, the largest temple in classical [[Athens]], is also in the Doric order, although the sculptural enrichment is more familiar in the Ionic order: the Greeks were never as doctrinaire in the use of the Classical vocabulary as [[Renaissance]] theorists or [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] architects. The detail, part of the basic vocabulary of trained architects from the later 18th century onwards, shows how the width of the metopes was flexible: here they bear the famous [[Metopes of the Parthenon|sculptures including the battle of Lapiths and Centaurs]].
[[File:RomanDoricOrderEngraving.jpg|thumb|The Roman Doric order from the [[Theater of Marcellus]]: triglyphs centered over the end column]]