Editing Disembowelment (section)

==Transanal evisceration of humans==
{{anchor|Transanal evisceration}}
{{See also|Pelvic exenteration}}
When a portion of the intestinal tract is forcefully pulled from or expelled from the body through the [[anus]], it is referred to as ''transanal evisceration''. Following the first report of transanal evisceration by Brodie in 1827, more than 70 cases have been reported to date, the majority occurring spontaneously in elderly individuals. Straining, chronic constipation, and rectal ulcerations predispose to spontaneous perforation in elderly individuals.<ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov">{{cite journal|last1=Medappil|first1=Noushif|title=Blunt abdominal trauma with transanal small bowel evisceration|journal=J Emerg Trauma Shock|date=Jan–Mar 2013|volume=6|issue=1|pages=56–57|doi=10.4103/0974-2700.106328|pmid=23493429|pmc=3589862 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Cases of transanal evisceration of children whilst sitting over uncovered [[swimming pool]] drains have been reported; notable cases include Valerie Lakey (1993) and [[Death of Abigail Taylor|Abigail Taylor]] (2007). In Taylor's case, the suction dislodged and damaged her [[liver]] and [[pancreas]]; several meters of her [[small intestine]] were forcefully pulled through her anus.  In both these cases, the victims were left with [[short bowel syndrome]] and required feeding by total [[parenteral nutrition]]. After multiple operations, Taylor later died from transplant-related cancer.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wsbtv.com/news/13626279/detail.html |title=Wading Pool Drain Sucks Out Girl's Organ |date=5 Jul 2007 |work=WSB Atlanta |access-date=28 June 2011 |location=MINNEAPOLIS |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629124327/http://www.wsbtv.com/news/13626279/detail.html |archive-date=29 June 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.wral.com/news/local/story/160648/ |title=Family Reaches Settlement that Guarantees $25 Million Payment |date=January 14, 1997 |work=[[WRAL-TV]] |access-date=29 October 2010 |location=RALEIGH}}</ref>

A person, usually a child, can suffer a similar injury if a heavy weight is applied directly over the abdomen. Large intestine (rectosigmoid) rupture with transanal evisceration has been reported from blunt abdominal trauma and suction injuries. A direct blow or impingement of intestine between the vertebrae and anterior abdominal wall results in sudden increase in the intra-abdominal or intraluminal pressure of the intestine and rupture.<ref name="ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"/> The downward pressure forces a portion of the intestine to burst from the anus.