Editing Digital image processing (section)

===Digital signal processor (DSP)===
{{Main|Digital signal processor}}

Electronic [[signal processing]] was revolutionized by the wide adoption of [[MOS technology]] in the 1970s.<ref name="Grant">{{cite book |last1=Grant |first1=Duncan Andrew |last2=Gowar |first2=John |title=Power MOSFETS: theory and applications |date=1989 |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|Wiley]] |isbn=978-0-471-82867-9 |page=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZiZTAAAAMAAJ |quote=The metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) is the most commonly used active device in the very large-scale integration of digital integrated circuits (VLSI). During the 1970s these components revolutionized electronic signal processing, control systems and computers.}}</ref> [[MOS integrated circuit]] technology was the basis for the first single-chip [[microprocessors]] and [[microcontrollers]] in the early 1970s,<ref name="ieee">{{cite journal |last1=Shirriff |first1=Ken |title=The Surprising Story of the First Microprocessors |journal=[[IEEE Spectrum]] |date=30 August 2016 |volume=53 |issue=9 |pages=48–54 |publisher=[[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]] |doi=10.1109/MSPEC.2016.7551353 |s2cid=32003640 |url=https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-surprising-story-of-the-first-microprocessors |access-date=13 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013012248/https://spectrum.ieee.org/tech-history/silicon-revolution/the-surprising-story-of-the-first-microprocessors |archive-date=13 October 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> and then the first single-chip [[digital signal processor]] (DSP) chips in the late 1970s.<ref name="computerhistory1979">{{cite web |title=1979: Single Chip Digital Signal Processor Introduced |url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/single-chip-digital-signal-processor-introduced/ |website=The Silicon Engine |publisher=[[Computer History Museum]] |access-date=14 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191003072500/https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/single-chip-digital-signal-processor-introduced/ |archive-date=3 October 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Taranovich">{{cite web |last1=Taranovich |first1=Steve |title=30 years of DSP: From a child's toy to 4G and beyond |url=https://www.edn.com/design/systems-design/4394792/30-years-of-DSP--From-a-child-s-toy-to-4G-and-beyond |website=[[EDN (magazine)|EDN]] |access-date=14 October 2019 |date=27 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191014044347/https://www.edn.com/design/systems-design/4394792/30-years-of-DSP--From-a-child-s-toy-to-4G-and-beyond |archive-date=14 October 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> DSP chips have since been widely used in digital image processing.<ref name="computerhistory1979"/>

The [[discrete cosine transform]] (DCT) [[image compression]] algorithm has been widely implemented in DSP chips, with many companies developing DSP chips based on DCT technology. DCTs are widely used for [[encoding]], decoding, [[video coding]], [[audio coding]], [[multiplexing]], control signals, [[signaling]], [[analog-to-digital conversion]], formatting [[luminance]] and color differences, and color formats such as [[YUV444]] and [[YUV411]]. DCTs are also used for encoding operations such as [[motion estimation]], [[motion compensation]], [[inter-frame]] prediction, [[Quantization (signal processing)|quantization]], perceptual weighting, [[entropy encoding]], variable encoding, and [[motion vector]]s, and decoding operations such as the inverse operation between different color formats ([[YIQ]], [[YUV]] and [[RGB]]) for display purposes. DCTs are also commonly used for [[high-definition television]] (HDTV) encoder/decoder chips.<ref name="Stankovic">{{cite journal |last1=Stanković |first1=Radomir S. |last2=Astola |first2=Jaakko T. |title=Reminiscences of the Early Work in DCT: Interview with K.R. Rao |journal=Reprints from the Early Days of Information Sciences |date=2012 |volume=60 |url=http://ticsp.cs.tut.fi/reports/ticsp-report-60-reprint-rao-corrected.pdf |access-date=13 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191013204147/http://ticsp.cs.tut.fi/reports/ticsp-report-60-reprint-rao-corrected.pdf |archive-date=13 October 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref>