Editing Cut, copy, and paste (section)

===Popularization===
Inspired by early line and character editors, such as [[Pentti Kanerva|Pentti Kanerva's]] TV-Edit,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moggridge |first=Bill |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm70167858 |title=Designing interactions |date=2007 |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=978-0-262-13474-3 |location=Cambridge, Mass |oclc=ocm70167858}}</ref> that broke a move or copy operation into two steps—between which the user could invoke a preparatory action such as navigation—[[Larry Tesler|Lawrence G. "Larry" Tesler]] proposed the names "cut" and "copy" for the first step and "paste" for the second step. Beginning in 1974, he and colleagues at [[Xerox]] [[PARC (company)|PARC]] implemented several text editors that used cut/copy-and-paste commands to move and copy text.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.designinginteractions.com/ |title=Bill Moggridge, Designing Interactions, MIT Press 2007, pp. 63–68 |publisher=Designinginteractions.com |access-date=2011-11-25 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111117051822/http://www.designinginteractions.com/ |archive-date=2011-11-17 }}</ref>

[[Apple Computer]] popularized this paradigm with its [[Apple Lisa|Lisa]] (1983) and [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]] (1984) operating systems and applications. The functions were mapped to key combinations using the {{Key press|[[Command key|Command]]}} key as a special [[modifier key|modifier]], which is held down while also pressing {{keypress|X}} for cut, {{keypress|C}} for copy, or {{keypress|V}} for paste. These few [[keyboard shortcuts]] allow the user to perform all the basic editing operations, and the keys are clustered at the left end of the bottom row of the standard [[QWERTY]] keyboard.

These are the standard shortcuts:
* [[Substitute character#Other uses|Control-Z]] (or {{keypress|Command|Z}}) to [[undo]]
* [[Control-X]] (or {{keypress|Command|X}}) to cut
* [[Control-C]] (or {{keypress|Command|C}}) to copy
* [[Control-V]] (or {{keypress|Command|V}}) to paste

The [[IBM Common User Access]] (CUA) standard also uses combinations of the [[Insert key|Insert]], [[Del key|Del]], [[Shift key|Shift]] and [[Control key]]s. Early versions of [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] used the IBM standard. [[Microsoft]] later also adopted the Apple key combinations with the introduction of [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], using the [[control key]] as [[modifier key]]. For users migrating to Windows from [[DOS]] this was a big change as DOS users used the "[[COPY (DOS command)|COPY]]" and "[[MOVE (DOS command)|MOVE]]" commands.

Similar patterns of key combinations, later borrowed by others, are widely available in most GUI applications.

The original cut, copy, and paste workflow, as implemented at PARC, utilizes a unique workflow: With two windows on the same screen, the user could use the mouse to pick a point at which to make an insertion in one window (or a segment of text to replace). Then, by holding shift and selecting the copy source elsewhere on the same screen, the copy would be made as soon as the shift was released. Similarly, holding shift and control would copy and cut (delete) the source. This workflow requires many fewer keystrokes/mouse clicks than the current multi-step workflows, and did not require an explicit copy buffer. It was dropped, one presumes, because the original Apple and IBM GUIs were not high enough density to permit multiple windows, as were the PARC machines, and so multiple simultaneous windows were rarely used.