Editing Curry (section)

=== Early modern trade ===

[[File:Curry's origins.svg|thumb|center|upright=3|Origin and spread of curry around the world. Mild spices were traded between India and East Asia from 5000 BCE.<ref name="Manguin2016"/> The [[Columbian Exchange]] brought chili peppers to India.<ref name="Batsha 2020"/> Anglo-Indian food came to Britain in the 17th century.<ref name="Twilley Graber 2019 transcript"/> The word "curry" was first recorded in print in [[Hannah Glasse]]'s 1747 English cookery book.<ref name="Online Etym Dict" /> In the 19th century, curry spread to the Caribbean<ref name="Mishan 2017"/> and to Japan,<ref name="Itoh 2011"/> and from there to Chinese people, starting in Singapore.<ref name="Lim 1886"/> Further migration and globalisation (not shown) made curry a fully international dish.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry"/>]]

The establishment of the [[Mughal Empire]], in the early 16th century, influenced some curries, especially in the north. Another influence was the establishment of the [[Portuguese India|Portuguese trading centre]] in [[Goa]] in 1510, resulting in the introduction of [[chili pepper]]s, tomatoes and potatoes to India from the Americas, as a byproduct of the [[Columbian Exchange]].<ref name="Batsha 2020">{{Cite web |last=Batsha |first=Nishant |author-link=Nishant Batsha |date=25 June 2020 |title=Curry Before Columbus |url=https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |access-date=15 December 2020 |website=Contingent |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012336/https://contingentmagazine.org/2020/06/25/curry-before-columbus/ |url-status=live}}</ref> The scholar of food culture [[Lizzie Collingham]] suggests that the Portuguese in [[Goa]] (in West India) heard and adopted words adopted into a local <!--Indo-Aryan--> language<!--presumably [[Konkani language|Konkani]], would need a source for that--> from the Dravidian words from South India, becoming ''caril'' or ''carree'' as transcribed by British travellers of the time. This adoption resulting eventually in curry's modern meaning of a dish, often spiced, in a sauce or gravy.<ref name="Twilley Graber 2019">{{cite news |last1=Twilley |first1=Nicola |last2=Graber |first2=Cynthia |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2019/04/why-we-call-indian-dishes-curry-colonial-history/586828/ |title=The Word Curry Came From a Colonial Misunderstanding |work=[[The Atlantic]] |date=20 April 2019 |access-date=10 May 2021 |archive-date=17 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210517012341/https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2019/04/why-we-call-indian-dishes-curry-colonial-history/586828/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1598, an English translation of a Dutch book about travel in the East Indies mentioned a "somewhat sour" broth called ''Carriel'', eaten with rice.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry"/> The later Dutch word {{lang|nl|karie}} was used in the [[Dutch East Indies]] from the 19th century; many Indians had by then migrated to Southeast Asia.<ref name="Davidson 2014 Curry"/>