Editing Culture of Peru (section)

==Music==
{{Main|Music of Peru}}
[[Image:Zampoña.jpg|thumb|right|A Peruvian man playing the [[zampoña]]]]

The pre-Hispanic Andean cultures of Peru were distinguished by their rich tradition in artistic expressions, especially in music. Most communal agricultural activities were accompanied by music and songs, known in [[Quechuan languages|Quechua]] as ''taqui''.<ref>Ramos, C. (1999). Folklore del Perú: Música y Danzas. Editorial Universitaria.</ref> The ethnic diversity of [[ancient Peru]] resulted in the coexistence of various traditions and customs, which have persisted over time and have been fundamental to the development of post-Hispanic Peruvian folklore.

Today, various musical expressions, such as [[Dance in Peru|dance]] and song, popular festivals (both religious and non-religious), [[Peruvian handicrafts|handicrafts]], [[Peruvian Gastronomy|gastronomy]], and other regionally varied activities, are significant aspects of Peruvian and Latin American cultural heritage.<ref>Flores Ochoa, J. (1976). Los Dioses de los Andes: Simbolismo y Arte en las Alturas del Perú. Editorial América.</ref>

Pre-Hispanic Andean musicians primarily used [[Wind instrument|wind instruments]], such as the ''[[quena]]'', ''[[Pinkillu|pinkillo]]'', ''[[erke]]'', ''[[Siku (instrument)|antara]]'' or ''[[Siku (instrument)|siku]]'' (also known as ''[[Siku (instrument)|zampoña]]''), and the ''pututo''. They also employed [[Percussion instrument|percussion instruments]] like the ''[[tinya]]'' (hand drum), ''pomatinyas'' (made from [[Puma (genus)|puma]] skin), and ''runatinyas'' (made from [[human skin]]), used in battles, as well as the ''wankar'', a large drum.

With the arrival of the Spanish, European instruments like [[Harp|harps]], [[Guitar|guitars]], [[Vihuela|vihuelas]], [[Bandurria|bandurrias]], and [[Lute|lutes]] were introduced. The combination of these instruments with indigenous ones led to the creation of mestizo instruments, such as the Andean harp and the ''[[charango]]'', which is made from the shell of the [[armadillo]].<ref>Romero, R. (1994). Música, Danza y Fiesta en los Andes Peruanos. Fondo de Cultura Económica.</ref>