Editing Comics (section)

===Japanese comics===

{{main|History of manga|Manga}}

[[File:Tagosaku to Mokube no Tokyo Kenbutsu.jpg|thumb|alt=|[[Rakuten Kitazawa]] created the first modern Japanese comic strip. (''Tagosaku to Mokube no Tōkyō Kenbutsu'',{{efn|{{Nihongo|''Tagosaku and Mokube Sightseeing in Tokyo''|田吾作と杢兵衛の東京見物|''Tagosaku to Mokube no Tokyo Kenbutsu''|lead=yes}} }} 1902)]]

Japanese comics and cartooning (''{{Transliteration|ja|[[manga]]}}''),{{efn|{{Nihongo|''"Manga"''|漫画||lead=yes}} can be [[gloss (annotation)|glossed]] in many ways, amongst them "whimsical pictures", "disreputable pictures",{{sfn|Karp|Kress|2011|p=19}} "irresponsible pictures",{{sfn|Gravett|2004|p=9}} "derisory pictures", and "sketches made for or out of a sudden inspiration".{{sfn|Johnson-Woods|2010|p=22}} }} have a history that has been seen as far back as the anthropomorphic characters in the 12th-to-13th-century ''{{Transliteration|ja|[[Chōjū-jinbutsu-giga]]}}'', 17th-century ''{{Transliteration|ja|[[toba-e]]}}'' and ''{{Transliteration|ja|[[kibyōshi]]}}'' picture books,{{sfn|Schodt|1996|p=22}} and [[Woodblock printing|woodblock prints]] such as [[ukiyo-e]] which were popular between the 17th and 20th centuries. The ''{{Transliteration|ja|kibyōshi}}'' contained examples of sequential images, movement lines,{{sfn|Mansfield|2009|p=253}} and sound effects.{{sfn|Petersen|2010|p=42}}

Illustrated magazines for Western expatriates introduced Western-style satirical cartoons to Japan in the late 19th century. New publications in both the Western and Japanese styles became popular, and at the end of the 1890s, American-style newspaper comics supplements began to appear in Japan,{{sfn|Johnson-Woods|2010|pp=21–22}} as well as some American comic strips.{{sfn|Schodt|1996|p=22}} 1900 saw the debut of the ''Jiji Manga'' in the ''Jiji Shinpō'' newspaper—the first use of the word "manga" in its modern sense,{{sfn|Johnson-Woods|2010|p=22}} and where, in 1902, [[Rakuten Kitazawa]] began the first modern Japanese comic strip.{{sfnm|1a1=Petersen|1y=2010|1p=128|2a1=Gravett|2y=2004|2p=21}} By the 1930s, comic strips were serialized in large-circulation monthly girls' and boys' magazine and collected into hardback volumes.{{sfnm|1a1=Schodt|1y=1996|1p=22|2a1=Johnson-Woods|2y=2010|2pp=23–24}}

The modern era of comics in Japan began after World War II, propelled by the success of the serialized comics of the prolific [[Osamu Tezuka]]{{sfn|Gravett|2004|p=24}} and the comic strip ''[[Sazae-san]]''.{{sfnm|1a1=MacWilliams|1y=2008|1p=3|2a1=Hashimoto|2a2=Traphagan|2y=2008|2p=21|3a1=Sugimoto|3y=2010|3p=255|4a1=Gravett|4y=2004|4p=8}} Genres and audiences diversified over the following decades. Stories are usually first serialized in magazines which are often hundreds of pages thick and may contain over a dozen stories;{{sfnm|1a1=Schodt|1y=1996|1p=23|2a1=Gravett|2y=2004|2pp=13–14}} they are later compiled in {{Transliteration|ja|[[tankōbon]]}}-format books.{{sfn|Gravett|2004|p=14}} At the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, nearly a quarter of all printed material in Japan was comics.{{sfnm|1a1=Brenner|1y=2007|1p=13|2a1=Lopes|2y=2009|2p=152|3a1=Raz|3y=1999|3p=162|4a1=Jenkins|4y=2004|4p=121}} Translations became extremely popular in foreign markets—in some cases equaling or surpassing the sales of domestic comics.{{sfn|Lee|2010|p=158}}