Editing Civil defense (section)

==== United States ====
{{Main|United States civil defense}}
In the [[United States]], the [[Office of Civilian Defense]] was established in May 1941 to coordinate civilian defense efforts. It coordinated with the [[Department of the Army]] and established similar groups to the British ARP. One of these groups that still exists today is the [[Civil Air Patrol]], which was originally created as a civilian auxiliary to the [[US Army|Army]]. The CAP was created on December 1, 1941, with the main civil defense mission of search and rescue. The CAP also sank two Axis submarines and provided aerial reconnaissance for Allied and neutral merchant ships.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gocivilairpatrol.com/about|title=History of Civil Air Patrol – Civil Air Patrol – United States Air Force Auxiliary}}</ref> In 1946, the Civil Air Patrol was barred from combat by [[Public Law 79-476]]. The CAP then received its current mission: search and rescue for downed aircraft. When the [[United States Air Force|Air Force]] was created, in 1947, the Civil Air Patrol became the auxiliary of the [[United States Air Force|Air Force]].<ref>Texas Wing Civil Air Patrol 2014 Summer Encampment Standard Operating Instructions (SOI)</ref>

The [[Coast Guard Auxiliary]] performs a similar role in support of the [[United States Coast Guard|U.S. Coast Guard]].<ref>{{cite web |date=2016-05-14 |title=About the Coast Guard Auxiliary and District 11 Southern Region |url= http://www.d11s.org/modules/narrative.mod.php?story=ABOUT |work=United States Coast Guard Auxiliary -District 11 Southern Region |access-date= 2016-08-19}}</ref> Like the Civil Air Patrol, the Coast Guard Auxiliary was established in the run up to World War II. Auxiliarists were sometimes armed during the war, and extensively participated in port security operations. After the war, the Auxiliary shifted its focus to promoting boating safety and assisting the Coast Guard in performing search and rescue and marine safety and environmental protection.

In the United States a federal civil defense program existed under Public Law 920 of the 81st Congress,<ref name="PresidentRegister1958">{{cite book|author1=United States. President|author2=United States. Office of the Federal Register|title=Code of federal regulations: President|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7hMuAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA752|year=1958|publisher=Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration|pages=752–}}</ref> as amended, from 1951 to 1994. That statutory scheme was made so-called all-hazards by Public Law 103–160 in 1993 and largely repealed by Public Law 103–337 in 1994.<ref name="Nuclear Regulatory Commission2009">{{cite book|author=Nuclear Regulatory Commission (U S )|title=Nuclear Regulatory Legislation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lGfBYCVSlmMC&pg=PA52|date=July 2009|publisher=Government Printing Office|isbn=978-0-16-083614-5|pages=52–}}</ref> Parts now appear in Title VI of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, Public Law 100-107 [1988 as amended].<ref name="Congress2009">{{cite book|author=Congress|title=United States Code, 2006, Supplement 1, January 4, 2007 to January 8, 2008|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W-D35f9c0aUC&pg=PA137|date=October 2009|publisher=Government Printing Office|isbn=978-0-16-083512-4|pages=137–}}</ref> The term EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS was largely codified by that repeal and amendment. See 42 USC Sections 5101 and following.<ref name="Congress2009" />