Editing Citric acid cycle (section)

== Products ==
Products of the first turn of the cycle are one [[Guanosine triphosphate|GTP]] (or [[Adenosine triphosphate|ATP]]), three [[Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide|NADH]], one [[Flavin adenine dinucleotide|FADH<sub>2</sub>]] and two [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]].

Because two acetyl-CoA [[molecules]] are produced from each [[glucose]] molecule, two cycles are required per glucose molecule. Therefore, at the end of two cycles, the products are: two GTP, six NADH, two FADH<sub>2</sub>, and four CO<sub>2</sub>.<ref>{{cite web|title=The citric acid cycle|url=https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation/pyruvate-oxidation-and-the-citric-acid-cycle/a/the-citric-acid-cycle|website=Khan Academy|access-date=10 August 2021|language=en}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
! width="50%" | Description !! Reactants !! Products
 |-
 | The sum of all reactions in the citric acid cycle is: || Acetyl-CoA + 3 NAD<sup>+</sup> + FAD + GDP + P<sub>i</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O || → CoA-SH + 3 NADH + FADH<sub>2</sub> + 3 H<sup>+</sup> + GTP + 2 CO<sub>2</sub>
 |-
 | Combining the reactions occurring during the [[pyruvate decarboxylation|pyruvate oxidation]] with those occurring during the citric acid cycle, the following overall pyruvate oxidation reaction is obtained: || Pyruvate ion + 4 NAD<sup>+</sup> + FAD + GDP + P<sub>i</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O || → 4 NADH + FADH<sub>2</sub> + 4 H<sup>+</sup> + GTP + 3 CO<sub>2</sub>
 |-
 | Combining the above reaction with the ones occurring in the course of [[glycolysis]], the following overall glucose oxidation reaction (excluding reactions in the respiratory chain) is obtained: || Glucose + 10 NAD<sup>+</sup> + 2 FAD + 2 ADP + 2 GDP + 4 P<sub>i</sub> + 2 H<sub>2</sub>O || → 10 NADH + 2 FADH<sub>2</sub> + 10 H<sup>+</sup> + 2 ATP + 2 GTP + 6 CO<sub>2</sub>
|}

The above reactions are balanced if P<sub>i</sub> represents the H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub><sup>−</sup> ion, ADP and GDP the ADP<sup>2−</sup> and GDP<sup>2−</sup> ions, respectively, and ATP and GTP the ATP<sup>3−</sup> and GTP<sup>3−</sup> ions, respectively.

The total number of ATP molecules obtained after complete oxidation of one glucose in glycolysis, citric acid cycle, and [[oxidative phosphorylation]] is estimated to be between 30 and 38.<ref name="pmid7654171"/>