Editing Chalcedon (section)

== Byzantine and Ottoman suburbs ==
[[Image:Silver jug Chalcedon IstArchMu.jpg|thumb|180px|Small silver [[jug (container)|jug]] from Chalcedon]]

Chalcedon suffered somewhat from its proximity to the new imperial capital at [[Constantinople]]. First the Byzantines and later the [[Ottoman Turks]] used it as a quarry for building materials for [[Constantinople]]'s monumental structures.<ref>Ammian. 31.1, and the notes of Valesius.</ref> Chalcedon also fell repeatedly to armies attacking Constantinople from the east.

In 361 AD it was the location of the [[Chalcedon tribunal]], where [[Julian the Apostate]] brought his enemies to trial.

In 451 AD an [[ecumenical council]] of Christian leaders convened here. See below for this [[Council of Chalcedon]].

The general [[Belisarius]] probably spent his years of retirement on his estate of Rufinianae in Chalcedonia.

Beginning in 616 and for at least a decade thereafter, Chalcedon furnished an encampment to the [[Sasanian Empire|Persians]] under [[Khosrau II of Persia|Chosroes II]]<ref>Gibbon. ''Decline, &c.'' 100.46.</ref> (cf. [[Siege of Constantinople (626)]]). It later fell for a time to the Arabs under [[Yazid I|Yazid]] (cf. [[Siege of Constantinople (674)]]).

Chalcedon was badly damaged during the [[Fourth Crusade]] (1204). It came definitively under [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule under [[Orhan I|Orhan Gazi]] a century before the [[Fall of Constantinople|Ottoman conquest of Constantinople]].