Editing Château de Chambord (section)

===French Revolution and modern history===
[[File:Loire Cher Chambord2 tango7174.jpg|thumb|upright|On the second floor]]
In 1792, the [[French Revolution|Revolutionary]] government ordered the sale of the furnishings; the wall panellings were removed and even floors were taken up and sold for the value of their timber, and, according to M de la Saussaye,<ref>Saussaye, ''Le Château de Chambord'' (Blois) 1865 etc.</ref> the panelled doors were burned to keep the rooms warm during the sales; the empty château was left abandoned until [[Napoleon Bonaparte]] gave it to his subordinate, [[Louis Alexandre Berthier]]. The château was subsequently purchased from his widow for the infant Duke of Bordeaux, [[Henri, Count of Chambord|Henry Charles]] (1820–1883) who took the title Count of Chambord. A brief attempt at restoration and occupation was made by his grandfather King [[Charles X of France|Charles X]] (1824–1830) but in 1830 both were exiled.<!--following reference does not cover the previous statements--> In ''[[Outre-Mer|Outre-Mer: A Pilgrimage Beyond the Sea]]'', published in the 1830s, [[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]] remarked on the dilapidation that had set in: "all is mournful and deserted. The grass has overgrown the pavement of the courtyard, and the rude sculpture upon the walls is broken and defaced".<ref name=Garrett22>Quoted in {{harvnb|Garrett|2010|p=xxii}}</ref> During the [[Franco-Prussian War]] (1870–1871) the château was used as a field hospital.

The final attempt to make use of the colossus came from the Count of Chambord, but after the Count died in 1883, the château was left to his sister's heirs, the titular [[House of Bourbon-Parma|Dukes of Parma]], then resident in [[Austria-Hungary]]; firstly [[Robert, Duke of Parma]], who died in 1907 and after him, [[Elias, Duke of Parma|Elias, Prince of Parma]]. Any attempts at restoration ended with the onset of World War I in 1914. The Château de Chambord was confiscated as enemy property in 1915, but the family of the duke of Parma sued to recover it, and that suit was not settled until 1932; restoration work was not begun until a few years after World War II ended in 1945.<ref>[http://www.castlesandmanorhouses.com/p.php?key=chambord Château de Chambord: Well Preserved Renaissance Château in France] ''castlesandmanorhouses.com'', accessed 18 February 2019</ref> The Château and surrounding areas, some {{convert|5440|ha|acre sqmi|lk=on}}, have belonged to the French state since 1930.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chambord.org/en/decouvrir-chambord/domain-of-chambord/presentation/#sthash.D1NKCNRD.dpbs|title=Presentation|publisher=Chambord.org|access-date=15 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107170933/http://chambord.org/en/decouvrir-chambord/domain-of-chambord/presentation/#sthash.D1NKCNRD.dpbs|archive-date=7 November 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Château de Chambord, 2008.jpg|thumb|Today, the Château de Chambord is a popular tourist attraction.]]
In 1939, shortly before the outbreak of World War II, the art collections of the [[Louvre]] and Compiègne museums (including the [[Mona Lisa]]){{cn|date=December 2023}} were stored at the Château de Chambord. An American [[Consolidated B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber crashed onto the château lawn on 22 June 1944.<ref name=Aerosteles-hydroretro>{{cite web |url=http://aerosteles.hydroretro.net/fiche.php?code=chambord-liberator |title=Liberator 22 juin 1944 – Chambord – Aérostèles |publisher=Aerosteles.hydroretro.net |date=31 May 2008 |access-date=27 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090821012721/http://aerosteles.hydroretro.net/fiche.php?code=chambord-liberator |archive-date=21 August 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The image of the château has been widely used to sell commodities from chocolate to alcohol and from porcelain to alarm clocks; combined with the various written accounts of visitors, this made Chambord one of the best known examples of France's architectural history.<ref>{{harvnb|Garrett|2010|pp=78–79}}</ref> Today, Chambord is a major tourist attraction, and in 2007 around 700,000&nbsp;people visited the château.<ref name=Garrett22/>

After unusually heavy rainfall, Chambord was closed to the public from 1 to 6 June 2016. The River [[Cosson]], a tributary of the [[Loire]], flooded its banks and the château's moat. Drone photography documented some of the peak flooding.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://popsci.com/drone-films-flooded-French-castle |access-date=18 June 2016 |title=Drone Films Flooded French Castle |magazine=[[Popular Science]] |first=Kelsey D. |last=Atherton |date=3 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160619024914/http://www.popsci.com/drone-films-flooded-french-castle |archive-date=19 June 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The {{ill|French Patrimony Foundation|fr|Fondation du patrimoine}} described effects of the flooding on Chambord's {{convert|5250|ha}} property. The {{convert|31|km|adj=on}} wall around the château was breached at several points, metal gates were torn from their framing, and roads were damaged. Trees were also uprooted and certain electrical and fire protection systems were put out of order. However, the château itself and its collections reportedly were undamaged. The foundation observed that paradoxically the natural disaster effected Francis I's vision that Chambord appears to rise from the waters as if it were diverting the Loire.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fondation-patrimoine.org/fr/centre-7/tous-les-projets-378/detail-sauvegarde-du-domaine-de-Chambord-apres-inondations-43693 |title=Sauvegarde Du Domaine De Chambord Après Inondations |language=fr |website=Fondation du Patrimoine |access-date=18 June 2016 |archive-date=13 October 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013092331/https://www.fondation-patrimoine.org/fr/centre-7/tous-les-projets-378/detail-sauvegarde-du-domaine-de-Chambord-apres-inondations-43693 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Repairs are expected to cost 200,000 Euro.<ref>[http://m.france24.com/en/20160608-video-france-famed-chateau-de-chambord-heavily-damaged-floods "Video: France’s famed Chambord castle left heavily damaged after floods"]. ''[[France 24]]''. 6 August 2016. Accessed 24 December 2022.</ref>
[[File:Stairs in Waddesdon manor (geograph 3641793).jpg|thumb|upright|One of the twin staircase towers at [[Waddesdon Manor]], inspired by those at the Château de Chambord and disseminated by architect Gabriel-[[Hippolyte Destailleur]] between 1874 and 1889.]]