Editing Casimir I the Restorer (section)

===Restoration===
[[File:Kazimierz I Odnowiciel (274971).jpg|thumb|right|Imaginary 19th-century depiction of Casimir I by [[Jan Matejko]]]]
After initially escaping to Hungary, Casimir went to Germany, where in 1039 his relative [[Emperor Henry III]] (who feared the increased power of the Bohemian ruler) gave him military and financial support. Casimir received a force of 1,000 heavy footmen and a significant amount of gold to restore his power in Poland. Casimir also signed an alliance with [[Yaroslav I the Wise]], the Prince of [[Kievan Rus']], who was linked with him through Casimir's marriage with Yaroslav's sister, Maria Dobroniega. With this support, Casimir returned to Poland and managed to retake most of his domain. In 1041, Bretislaus, defeated in his second attempted invasion by Emperor Henry III, signed a treaty at [[Regensburg]] (1042) in which he renounced his claims to all Polish lands except for [[Silesia]], which was to be incorporated into the Bohemian Kingdom.<ref>''Kosmas: Chronicle of the Czechs'', Warsaw 1968, p. 154, note. 18, says that the rest of Silesia, included the left side of the Odra River in Wrocław and Opole remained in Bohemia; by the other hand, T. Jurek: ''Ryczyn biskupi, Roczniki historyczne 1994'', pp. 40–44,  believes that already in 1041 Poland regained the control over the rest of Silesia included land of [[Golensizi]] tribe.</ref> It was Casimir's success in strengthening royal power and ending internal strife that earned him the epithet of "the Restorer".

The treaty gained Casimir a period of peace on the southern border and the capital of Poland was moved to [[Kraków]], the only major Polish city untouched by the wars. It is probable that the Holy Roman Emperor was pleased with the balance of power that had been restored to the region and forced Casimir not to crown himself the King of Poland. In 1046 Emperor Henry III held royal and imperial courts at [[Merseburg]] and [[Meissen]], at which he ended the strife among the Duke of [[Pomerania]] (''Dux Bomeraniorum''), Duke Bretislaus of [[Bohemia]], and Casimir I.

In 1047 Casimir, aided by his Kievan brother-in-law, started a war against [[Masovia]] and seized the land. It is probable that he also defeated Miecław's allies from Pomerania and attached [[Gdańsk]] to Poland. This secured his power in central Poland. Three years later, against the will of the Emperor, Casimir seized Bohemian-controlled Silesia, thus securing most of his father's domain. In 1054 in [[Quedlinburg]], the Emperor ruled that Silesia was to remain in Poland in exchange for a yearly tribute of 117&nbsp;kg. of silver and 7&nbsp;kg. of gold.

At that time Casimir was focused on internal matters. To strengthen his rule he re-created the bishopric in Kraków and [[Wrocław]] and erected the new [[Wawel Cathedral]]. During Casimir's rule [[Polish heraldry|heraldry]] was introduced into Poland and, unlike his predecessors, he promoted landed gentry over the ''[[druzhina|drużyna]]'' as his base of power. One of his reforms was the introduction, to Poland, of a key element of [[feudalism]]: the granting of [[fiefdom]]s to his retinue of warriors, thus gradually transforming them into medieval [[knight]]s.