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===Ecology=== Most of the original vegetation of the city was largely eliminated. Like 13 other municipalities in the metropolitan region of Campinas, the city is subject to some [[environmental stress]], and Campinas is considered one of the areas liable to [[flooding]] and [[silting]]; it now has less than 5% of [[vegetation]] cover in total area.<ref name="dolsenz.com">{{Cite web |url=http://www.dolsenz.com/campinas/ |title=Vegetation - Campinas |language=en |access-date=2014-09-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111161323/http://www.dolsenz.com/campinas/ |archive-date=2014-11-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Trying to reverse this situation, several projects have been and are being conducted and planned, such as building corridors, and the regulation of the Management Plan of Environmental Preservation Area (APA) in Campinas. There are also several environmental projects to combat the destruction of [[riparian forest]]s located along the banks of the [[Atibaia river]], which has a high level of [[pollution]]. Today, Campinas houses the [[Area of relevant ecological interest (Brazil)|area of relevant ecological interest]] (ARIE) [[Mata de Santa Genebra]], {{convert|251|acre|km2}}, established in 1985 by the city of Campinas' [[Fundação José Pedro de Oliveira]] and regulated by the Brazilian Environment and Renewable Natural Resources Institute ([[IBAMA]]). This is the now second-largest [[urban forest]] of Brazil, behind only the [[Tijuca Forest]], in [[Rio de Janeiro]].<ref name="dolsenz.com"/> The city also has smaller urban [[forest]] [[wikt:Special:Search/groves|groves]] and [[reserve park]]s, such as the Bosque dos [[Jequitiba]]s (installed in [[1881]]), the Bosque dos Italianos (transl. Italian's Grove), the Bosque dos Alemães (transl. German's Grove), Guarantã's Park, as well as the larger Parque Portugal (Taquaral Lagoon, transl. Park and Lagoon of Bamboos), "Dom Bosco" Ecological Park and Monsenhor "Emílio José Salim" Ecological Park.<ref name="dolsenz.com"/>
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