Editing Bruno Bauer (section)

== Antisemitism ==
Beginning in 1848, critics accused Bauer of promoting virulent antisemitism in print within reactionary circles.<ref>{{cite book|last=Moggach |first=Douglas |author-link=Douglas Moggach |title=The Philosophy and Politics of Bruno Bauer |location=Cambridge |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |date=2003 |pages=17}}</ref> Bauer's view of Jews and Judaism is considered by some to have been absolutely negative, both when considering the past and when contemplating the present.{{sfn|Katz|1982|p=214}}

Others, like Trejo, argue that the charge is spurious, supposedly promoted by “neo-Marxists” who wish to deflect charges of Marx's own Anti-Semitism, despite Marx coming from a Jewish family and personally criticising Bauer’s Anti-Semitic claims throughout his written response.{{sfn|Trejo|2002}}

In 1843, Bauer wrote ''[[The Jewish Question]]'', which was responded to in a pamphlet written by Karl Marx, entitled, "[[On the Jewish Question]]". According to Marx, Bauer argued that the Jews were responsible for their own misfortunes in European society since they had "made their nest in the pores and interstices of bourgeois society".<ref>{{cite book|last=Poliakov |first=Leon |title=The History of Anti-Semitism |volume=III: From Voltaire to Wagner |location=Philadelphia |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania Press]] |date=2003 |pages=420}}</ref>

Jacob Katz contextualizes Bauer's antisemitism with his passionate anti-Christianity, the latter of which caused Bauer to lose his professorship. Although, according to Katz, Bauer was "equally impatient with Christianity and Judaism",{{sfn|Katz|1982|p=169}} Bauer would frequently diverge from a review or opinion piece on a Jewish writer or thinker into a general consideration of "the Jew as a type", grasping at whatever negative characteristics he could find.{{sfn|Katz|1982|pp=214–215}}

Others, like Trejo,{{sfn|Trejo|2002}} write that Bauer is widely accused of being a "passionate anti-Christian" on the one hand, and is also widely accused of being a right-wing Christian on the other hand. Karl Marx and Frederick Engels, for example, wrote two books against Bauer, ridiculing him as a right-wing Hegelian. There's no shortage of scholars, further, who join translator Lawrence Stepelevich in claiming that Bauer's publication, the 'Trumpet of the Last Judgment Against Hegel the Atheist and Antichrist' (1841) was an earnestly right-wing Christian protest against Hegel. The histories of Bauer are inconsistent and self-contradictory.

A few scholars accuse Bauer of anti-Semitism, e.g. David Leopold's article, "The Hegelian Antisemitism of Bruno Bauer."<ref>{{Cite journal |title=History of European Ideas |journal=[[Pergamon Press]] |issue=25 |pages=179–206}}</ref> argues that Hegel and Bauer were ''both'' anti-Semites. Actually, Bauer's 1863 booklet, ''Judaism Abroad'' ({{lang|de|Das Judentum in der Fremde}}), did remark that Jewish readers should wait for their rights in Germany until the average German received his rights.