Editing Bocce (section)

==Variants==

===Punto raffa volo===

Also known as PRV, punto raffa volo is the main international competition form of bocce. The name refers to the three legal types of throws in the game:  punto, or lagging the ball toward the pallino; raffa, shooting a ball with an aerial throw that hits the ground and rolls toward the target; and volo, hitting a ball on the fly or a short hop. The rules of PRV are strict and reward precision and accuracy. Rules violations allow the opposing team to keep the result or reset the game to its set-up before the rules violation (and pulling the foul ball off the court). This reset is accomplished by marking the ground with chalk to indicate the placement of each ball and the pallino.

Rules include (but are not limited to):

*When lagging a ball toward the target, the thrown ball may not move another ball or the pallino more than 70 cm (in Italy, some leagues enforce a 50 cm rule).
*When throwing a raffa or volo, the player must declare which ball will hit first.
*Players cannot throw a ball off the side walls.
*The back wall is dead for missed shots and any balls that hit the back wall while lagging (there are some variations of the lagging rule that may allow the pallino to be pushed into the back wall).

===Open bocce===

Played mainly in the U.S. and Canada, open bocce features a basic set of rules as compared with PRV. In open bocce, there are fewer limitations on lagging (side walls are live, balls can be moved any distance), and missed targets while shooting are allowed. Some clubs play with the back wall live, while other clubs play with the back wall as dead if a ball hits the back wall on the fly without striking a ball or the pallino. Other variations include angled corners and gutters at the end of the court rather than  a back wall.

===Bocce volo===

{{Main|Bocce volo}}
A variation called ''{{lang|it|bocce volo}}'' uses a metal ball, which is thrown overhand (palm down), after a run-up to the throwing line. In that latter respect, it is similar to the French boules game ''{{lang|fr|[[jeu provençal]]}}'' also known as ''{{lang|fr|boule lyonnaise}}'' which is internationally called sport-boules.  Another French variant of the game is called ''{{lang|fr|[[pétanque]]}}'', and (lacking the run-up) is more similar in some respects to traditional ''{{lang|it|bocce}}''.<ref>Petanque vs. Bocce at [http://petanque-america.com/game.html Petanque America] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030513/http://petanque-america.com/game.html |date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>

===Boccia===

{{Main|Boccia}}
[[File:Australian Boccia team members.jpg|thumb|Australian boccia team members]]
Another development, for persons with disabilities, is called ''{{lang|it|boccia}}''. It is a shorter-range game, played with leather balls on an indoor, smooth surface. Boccia was first introduced to the [[Paralympics]] at the [[1984 Summer Paralympics|1984 New York/Stoke Mandeville Summer Games]] and is one of the only two Paralympic sports that do not have an [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] counterpart (the other being [[goalball]]).<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.paralympic.org/boccia|title=Boccia |work=Paralympic.org |publisher=[[International Paralympic Committee]] |access-date=12 March 2018}}</ref>

===Classic bocce===

A Brazilian variety of bocce where the ball is rolled on the floor instead of thrown.<ref>{{cite news |title=Abertura de torneio misto de Bocha faz parte do Mia Cara 2022, o festival de cultura italiana que retoma atividades presenciais |date=23 May 2022 |url=https://www.radioculturadecuritiba.art.br/abertura-de-torneio-misto-de-bocha-faz-parte-do-mia-cara-2022-o-festival-de-cultura-italiana-que-retoma-atividades-presenciais/ |journal=Rádio Cultura de Curitiba |language=pt-BR |access-date=11 April 2025 |archive-date=11 April 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250411162045/https://www.radioculturadecuritiba.art.br/abertura-de-torneio-misto-de-bocha-faz-parte-do-mia-cara-2022-o-festival-de-cultura-italiana-que-retoma-atividades-presenciais/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Creole bocce===

A Venezuelan variety of bocce, where 4 red balls, 4 green balls and one 5 cm ball (called Mingo) are thrown at once in the field.<ref name="el ciudadano"/>