Editing Bay of Fundy (section)

==Flora and fauna==

Although some land areas are protected, there is no formal marine protection zone in the bay.<ref name="cpaws">{{cite web |title=FAQ |url=http://www.protectbayoffundy.ca/ |website=Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society |access-date=19 June 2019}}</ref> The Conservation Council of New Brunswick works to protect the ecosystem of the bay.<ref name="mc">{{cite web |title=Marine Conservation |url=https://www.conservationcouncil.ca/en/our-programs/marine-conservation/ |website=Conservation Council of New Brunswick |access-date=21 June 2019 |date=2013-02-17 |archive-date=2019-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190621115400/https://www.conservationcouncil.ca/en/our-programs/marine-conservation/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=southwolf/> A result of shipping traffic has been the potential for increased collisions between ships and the critically endangered [[North Atlantic right whale]]. In 2003, the [[Canadian Coast Guard]] adjusted shipping lanes crossing prime whale feeding areas at the entrance to the Bay of Fundy to lessen the risk of collision. Many other marine mammals are found in the bay including [[fin whale]]s, [[humpback whale]]s, [[minke whale]]s, [[Atlantic white-sided dolphin]] and the [[harbour porpoise]].

The Bay of Fundy mudflats are a rare and unique [[Intertidal zone|intertidal]] habitat. Major mudflats are found on around the Maringouin Peninsula which lies between [[Shepody Bay]] and the [[Cumberland Basin (Canada)|Cumberland Basin]] and at the northern end of [[Chignecto Bay]]. On the Nova Scotia side, mudflats are found on the southern side of the [[Minas Basin]] and in [[Cobequid Bay]]. In the Minas Basin, the size of the mudflats from low to high water marks is as much as {{Cvt|4|km}}.<ref name="mudflats">{{cite web |title=Bay of Funday Mudflats |url=https://sites.google.com/a/fundy-biosphere.ca/the-bay-of-fundy-mudflats/habitat |website=Fundy Biosphere |access-date=20 June 2019 |archive-date=29 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220929020854/https://sites.google.com/a/fundy-biosphere.ca/the-bay-of-fundy-mudflats/habitat |url-status=dead }}</ref> Due to tidal turbulence, the water in these area contains very high amounts of fine sediment, source from tidal erosion of [[Carboniferous]] and [[Triassic]] sedimentary rock. [[Primary producers]] include [[Ulva intestinalis|hollow green weed]], [[phytoplankton]], [[algae]], and [[sea lettuce]].

Protected areas include:
* Boot Island National Wildlife Area in the Minas Basin near the mouth of the [[Gaspereau River (Nova Scotia)|Gaspereau River]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Boot Island National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas/locations/boot-island.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-12-21 }}</ref>
* Chignecto National Wildlife Area: near Amherst, contains a wide variety of habitats due to its geology.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chignecto National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas/locations/chignecto.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-12-21 }}</ref>
* Grindstone Island Conservation Easement: managed by the Nature Trust of New Brunswick through a conservation easement on an island at the entrance of Shepody Bay.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grindstone Island Conservation Easement |url=https://www.naturetrust.nb.ca/grindstone-island?rq=grindstone%20island |website=Nature Trust of New Brunswick |access-date=19 June 2019 |archive-date=16 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616083954/https://www.naturetrust.nb.ca/grindstone-island?rq=grindstone%20island |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Isle Haute]], managed by the Canadian Wildlife Service.<ref>{{cite web |title=Isle Haute National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/news/2019/04/isle-haute-national-wildlife-area.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=19 June 2019 |date=23 April 2019}}</ref>
* John Lusby Marsh National Wildlife Area: a large wetland system near Amherst.<ref>{{cite web |title=John Lusby Marsh National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas/locations/john-lusby-marsh.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-12-21 }}</ref>
* [[New River Beach Provincial Park]] is a provincial park managed by the Government of New Brunswick near [[Saint John, New Brunswick]]
* Raven Head Wilderness Area, protects {{Cvt|44|km}} of undeveloped coast along the bay. It is southwest of Joggins and also a site for fossils. It is also a wildlife habitat for endangered species.<ref>{{cite web |title=Raven Head Wilderness Area |url=https://novascotia.ca/nse/protectedareas/wa_raven-head.asp |website=Government of Nova Scotia |access-date=19 June 2019 |language=en |date=1 April 2009}}</ref>
* Shepody National Wildlife Area: a habitat for birds and other wildlife,<ref name="shepody-nwa">{{cite web |title=Shepody National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas/locations/shepody.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-12-21 }}</ref> recognized as an important wetland under the [[Ramsar Convention]], a site of importance by the [[Western Hemisphere Shorebird Reserve Network]], and a bird area by [[BirdLife International]]. The dominant bird species is the [[semipalmated sandpiper]].
* South Wolf Island Nature Preserve: in the lower bay, about {{Cvt|12|km}} offshore from [[Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick|Blacks Harbour]]. It was donated to the Nature Trust of New Brunswick by [[Clover Leaf Seafoods]] in 2011. It is ecologically important for birds, some not common on the mainland, as well as some very rare plants.<ref name="southwolf">{{cite web |title=South Wolf Island Nature Preserve |url=https://www.naturetrust.nb.ca/south-wolf-island?rq=wolf%20island |website=Nature Trust of New Brunswick |access-date=19 June 2019 |archive-date=16 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200616083947/https://www.naturetrust.nb.ca/south-wolf-island?rq=wolf%20island |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Tintamarre National Wildlife Area<ref>{{cite web |title=Tintamarre National Wildlife Area |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/national-wildlife-areas/locations/tintamarre.html |website=Government of Canada |access-date=20 June 2019|date=2011-12-21 }}</ref>