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Battle of Poltava
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===Swedish attack=== [[File:Start of Poltava.gif|thumb|Initial dispositions. The Swedish forces are in blue, while the Russian forces are in red]] Because of his wound, Charles turned over operational command to Field Marshal [[Carl Gustav Rehnskiöld]].<ref name=Frost/>{{rp|289}} Four columns of infantry and six columns of cavalry were to form during the night, 600 meters south of the redoubts, intending to attack before dawn in order to swiftly bypass the redoubt system and hit the Russian fort.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|77}} The infantry was in place by 2:30 a.m. but the cavalry arrived late, having lost their way.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|83}} Riding forward, [[Axel Gyllenkrok]] observed the Russians at work on the two nearest redoubts and rode back to inform Rehnskiöld.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|83}} A [[reconnoitre]] by Major General [[Wolmar Anton von Schlippenbach]] was discovered by the Russians and the alarm was sounded by the firing of a pistol.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|84}} Having lost the element of surprise, and without sufficient cannon to breach the fortifications, Rehnskiöld consulted with Charles, [[Carl Piper]] and Lewenhaupt on whether or not to proceed with the assault.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|91}} By the time Rehnskiöld decided to proceed with the attack by quoting, "In the name of God then, let us go forward", it was nearly 4:00 a.m. on 28 June (Swedish calendar) and dawn was already approaching.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|91–92}} The Swedes in [[Carl Gustaf Roos]]' column quickly overran the first two redoubts, killing every Russian soldier inside them, but by 4:30 a.m. the attempts to take the third redoubt stalled.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|97–99}} Lewenhaupt's ten battalions on the right bypassed the first four redoubts entirely, advancing to the back line and, with the aid of cavalry, took some redoubts while bypassing others.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|96, 105, 108}} Two of Roos' rear battalions joined them, indicating that issued orders lacked clarity as to whether to avoid the redoubts or attack them in series.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|94}} The cavalry on the left wing, commanded by Major General Hamilton and an infantry regiment, advanced by passing the redoubts on the left and charged the Russian cavalry, forcing them to retreat.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|105}} It was 5:00 a.m. when the left and right wings of the Swedish army made it past the back line of redoubts, sending the Russian cavalry in retreat.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|106, 108}} However, Rehnskiöld ordered his cavalry to stop their pursuit and Lewenhaupt, already advancing towards the fort, to withdraw to the west.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|108–09}} There they awaited Roos' battalions for two hours, while the Russian cavalry and [[Ivan Skoropadsky]]'s Cossacks waited to the north, with 13 Russian battalions deployed north of their camp and ten to the south, anticipating a Swedish advance.<ref name=Englund/>{{rp|125}}
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