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==Demographics== {{Main|Demographics of Asian Americans}} [[File:Asian Americans by state.svg|thumb|upright=2.5|200px|<div style="text-align: center">Proportion of Asian Americans in each US state, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico as of the [[2020 United States census]]</div>]] [[File:Asian Americans by county.png|thumb|upright=2.5|200px|<div style="text-align: center">Proportion of Asian Americans in each county of the [[List of states and territories of the United States|fifty states]], the [[District of Columbia]], and [[Puerto Rico]] as of the 2020 United States census</div>]] [[File:Asian Americans population pyramid in 2020.svg|thumb|200px|Asian Americans (alone) population pyramid in 2020]] The demographics of Asian Americans describe a heterogeneous group of people in the United States who can trace their ancestry to one or more countries in East, South, Southeast, or Central Asia.<ref>{{cite news |title=Asian Population in U.S. Grew by 70% in the 80's |first=Felicity |last=Barringer |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/02/us/asian-population-in-us-grew-by-70-in-the-80-s.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=March 2, 1990 |access-date=January 10, 2013 |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061919/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/02/us/asian-population-in-us-grew-by-70-in-the-80-s.html |url-status=live }}<br />{{cite book |last=Lowe |first=Lisa |chapter=Heterogeneity, Hybridity, Multiplicity: Marking Asian American Differences |chapter-url=http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:e7XvI7TduOsJ:scholar.google.com/&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5 |title=A Companion to Asian American Studies |series=Blackwell Companions in Cultural Studies |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hb-jKArjedIC |editor1-first=Kent A. |editor1-last=Ono |access-date=January 10, 2013 |year=2004 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4051-1595-7 |page=272 |archive-date=January 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170116005502/https://books.google.com/books?id=hb-jKArjedIC |url-status=live }} [http://www4.ncsu.edu/~mseth2/com417s12/readings/LoweHybrid.PDF Alt URL] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921055144/http://www4.ncsu.edu/~mseth2/com417s12/readings/LoweHybrid.PDF |date=September 21, 2013 }}</ref> Because they compose 7.3% of the entire US population, the diversity of the group is often disregarded in media and news discussions of "Asians" or of "Asian Americans".<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Skop|first1=Emily|last2=Li|first2=Wei|year=2005|title=Asians In America's Suburbs: Patterns And Consequences of Settlement|journal=The Geographical Review|volume=95|issue=2|page=168|doi=10.1111/j.1931-0846.2005.tb00361.x|bibcode=2005GeoRv..95..167S |s2cid=162228375}}</ref> While there are some commonalities across ethnic subgroups, there are significant differences among different Asian ethnicities that are related to each group's history.<ref>{{cite book |title=Teach boldly!: letters to teachers about contemporary issues in education |last1=Fehr |first1=Dennis Earl |first2=Mary Cain |last2=Fehr |year=2009 |publisher=[[Peter Lang (publishing company)|Peter Lang]] |isbn=978-1-4331-0491-6 |page=164 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WFQpcDhkCm4C&q=diversity%20asian%20americans%20disregarded%20media&pg=PA164 |access-date=March 6, 2012 |archive-date=March 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326122520/https://books.google.com/books?id=WFQpcDhkCm4C&q=diversity+asian+americans+disregarded+media&pg=PA164 |url-status=live }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/download/fedora_content/download/ac:124511/CONTENT/pols_w3245_2009_anon_9.pdf |title=Issue Brief #160: Asian American Protest Politics: "The Politics of Identity" |author=Raymond Arthur Smith |year=2009 |work=Majority Rule and Minority Rights Issue Briefs |publisher=[[Columbia University]] |access-date=March 6, 2012 |archive-date=September 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054503/http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/download/fedora_content/download/ac:124511/CONTENT/pols_w3245_2009_anon_9.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The Asian American population is greatly [[Urbanization|urbanized]], with nearly three-quarters of them living in metropolitan areas with population greater than 2.5 million.<ref>{{cite report |last=Lott |first=Juanita Tamayo|author-link=Juanita Tamayo Lott |date=9 January 2004 |title=Asian-American Children Are Members of a Diverse and Urban Population |url=https://www.prb.org/asianamericanchildrenaremembersofadiverseandurbanpopulation/ |publisher=Population Reference Bureau |access-date=6 April 2018 |archive-date=April 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180407120013/https://www.prb.org/asianamericanchildrenaremembersofadiverseandurbanpopulation/ |url-status=live }}<br />{{cite journal |last1=Hune |first1=Shirley |date=16 April 2002 |title=Demographics and Diversity of Asian American College Students |journal=New Directions for Student Services |volume=2002 |issue=97 |pages=11β20 |doi=10.1002/ss.35 }}<br />{{cite book|author=Franklin Ng|title=The History and Immigration of Asian Americans|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bGa42b0VqMEC&pg=PA211|year=1998|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-8153-2690-8|page=211|access-date=April 7, 2018|archive-date=June 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604014327/https://books.google.com/books?id=bGa42b0VqMEC&pg=PA211|url-status=live}}<br />{{cite book|author1=Xue Lan Rong|author2=Judith Preissle|title=Educating Immigrant Students in the 21st Century: What Educators Need to Know|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KUhOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA133|date=26 September 2008|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-1-4522-9405-6|page=133|access-date=April 7, 2018|archive-date=June 1, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601073302/https://books.google.com/books?id=KUhOAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA133|url-status=live}}</ref> {{As of|July 2015}}, California had the largest population of Asian Americans of any state, and Hawaii was the only state where Asian Americans were the majority of the population.<ref>{{cite news |last=Wile |first=Rob |date=26 June 2016 |title=Latinos are no longer the fastest-growing racial group in America |url=http://fusion.net/latinos-are-no-longer-the-fastest-growing-racial-group-1793857822 |work=Fusion |location=Doral, Florida |access-date=3 May 2017 |archive-date=April 7, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407223622/http://fusion.net/latinos-are-no-longer-the-fastest-growing-racial-group-1793857822 |url-status=live }}</ref> The demographics of Asian Americans can further be subdivided into, as listed in alphabetical order: * '''[[East Asian Americans]]''', including [[Chinese Americans]], [[Hong Kong Americans]], [[Japanese Americans]], [[Korean Americans]], [[Macanese Americans]], [[Mongolian Americans]], [[Ryukyuan Americans]], [[Taiwanese Americans]], [[Tibetan Americans]], and [[Uyghur Americans]]. * '''[[South Asian Americans]]''', including [[Baloch Americans]], [[Bangladeshi Americans]], [[Bhutanese Americans]], [[Indian Americans]], [[Indo-Caribbean Americans]], [[Fijian Indian diaspora|Indo-Fijian Americans]], [[Maldivian Americans]], [[Nepalese Americans]], [[Pakistani Americans]], [[Pashtun Americans]], and [[Sri Lankan Americans]]. * '''[[Southeast Asian Americans]]''', including [[Brunei|Bruneian Americans]], [[Burmese Americans]], [[Cambodian Americans]], [[Filipino Americans]], [[Hmong Americans]], [[Indonesian Americans]], [[Iu Mien Americans]], [[Karen Americans]], [[Laotian Americans]], [[Malaysian Americans]], [[Singaporean Americans]], [[Thai Americans]], [[East Timor|Timorese Americans]], and [[Vietnamese Americans]]. * '''[[Central Asians in the United States|Central Asian Americans]]''', including [[Afghan Americans]], [[Kazakh Americans]], [[Kyrgyz Americans]], [[Tajik Americans]], [[Turkmen Americans]], and [[Uzbek Americans]]. This grouping is by country of origin before immigration to the United States, and not necessarily by ethnicity, as for example (nonexclusive), Singaporean and Malaysian Americans may be of [[Han Chinese|Chinese]], [[Indian people|Indian]], or [[Malays (ethnic group)|Malay]] descent. Asian Americans include '''[[Multiracial Americans|multiracial or mixed race]]''' persons with origins or ancestry in both the above groups and another race, or multiple of the above groups. ===Proportion in each county=== <gallery mode="packed" caption="Asian American (Alone) population distribution over time"> File:Asian Americans 1860 County.png|1860 File:Asian Americans 1870 County.png|1870 File:Asian Americans 1880 County.png|1880 File:Asian Americans 1890 County.png|1890 File:Asian Americans 1990 County.png|1990 File:Asian Americans 2000 County.png|2000 File:Asian Americans 2010 County.png|2010 File:Asian Americans 2020 County.png|2020 </gallery> ===Ancestry=== According to estimates from the 2024 [[American Community Survey]], the Asian American population was composed of the following groups: {| class="wikitable sortable" !Ancestry !Number in 2022 (Alone)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B02015 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B02015&geo_ids=01000US&primary_geo_id=01000US |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref> !Number in 2022 (Alone or in any combination)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Grid View: Table B02018 - Census Reporter |url=https://censusreporter.org/data/table/?table=B02018&geo_ids=01000US&primary_geo_id=01000US |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=censusreporter.org}}</ref> !% Total US Population<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census profile: United States |url=http://censusreporter.org/profiles/01000US-united-states/ |access-date=2024-07-02 |website=Census Reporter |language=en}}</ref> |- |[[Chinese Americans|Chinese]] |4,258,198 |5,465,428 |1.6% |- |[[Indian Americans|Indian]] |4,534,339 |4,946,306 |1.5% |- |[[Filipino Americans|Filipino]] |2,969,978 |4,466,918 |1.3% |- |[[Vietnamese Americans|Vietnamese]] |1,887,550 |2,301,868 |0.7% |- |[[Korean Americans|Korean]] |1,501,587 |2,051,572 |0.6% |- |[[Japanese Americans|Japanese]] |717,413 |1,587,040 |0.5% |- |[[Pakistani Americans|Pakistani]] |560,494 |625,570 |0.2% |- |[[Cambodian Americans|Cambodian]] |280,862 |376,096 |0.1% |- |[[Hmong Americans|Hmong]] |335,612 |362,244 |0.1% |- |[[Thai Americans|Thai]] |197,158 |328,176 |0.1% |- |[[Taiwanese Americans|Taiwanese]] |263,772 |324,389 |0.1% |- |[[Bangladeshi Americans|Bangladeshi]] |256,681 |272,338 |0.08% |- |Central Asian <small>Not including [[Kazakh Americans|Kazakh]] or [[Uzbek Americans|Uzbek]]</small> |186,393 |269,255 |0.08% |- |[[Nepalese Americans|Nepalese]] |247,639 |260,323 |0.09% |- |[[Laotian Americans|Laotian]] |173,524 |245,220 |0.07% |- |[[Burmese Americans|Burmese]] |225,591 |244,086 |0.07% |- |[[Indonesian Americans|Indonesian]] |84,074 |155,173 |0.05% |- |[[Uzbek Americans|Uzbek]] |25,849 |52,304 |0.02% |- |[[Malaysian Americans|Malaysian]] |25,809 |43,019 |0.01% |- |[[Mongolian Americans|Mongolian]] |24,052 |36,863 |0.01% |- |[[Sikh-American|Sikh]] |20,170 |34,023 |0.01% |- |[[Ryukyuan Americans|Okinawan]] |7,645 |23,206 |0.01% |- |[[Iu Mien Americans|Mien]] |17,193 |22,340 |0.01% |- |[[Bhutanese Americans|Bhutanese]] |19,521 |22,184 |0.01% |- |[[Kazakh Americans|Kazakh]] |11,407 |21,913 |0.01% |- |[[Singaporean Americans|Singaporean]] |8,168 |13,212 |<0.01% |- |Other Asian <small>(Specified)</small> |8,233 |18,963 |<0.01% |- |Other [[South Asia]]n |8,452 |13,389 |<0.01% |- |Other [[East Asia]]n |3,525 |7,135 |<0.01% |- |Other [[Southeast Asia]]n |3,106 |5,523 |<0.01% |- |Broadly "Asian" <small>(No group specified)</small> |218,730 |591,806 |0.2% |} ===Language=== In 2010, there were 2.8 million people (age 5 and older) who spoke one of the [[Chinese language]]s at home;<ref name="AHM2012" /> after the [[Spanish language]], it is the third most common language in the United States.<ref name="AHM2012">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/facts_for_features_special_editions/cb12-ff09.html |title=Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2012 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=March 21, 2012 |work=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |access-date=January 12, 2013 |archive-date=January 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130106171909/http://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/facts_for_features_special_editions/cb12-ff09.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Other sizable [[Languages of Asia|Asian languages]] are [[Hindustani language|Hindustani (Hindi/Urdu)]], [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], and [[Korean language|Korean]], with all four having more than 1 million speakers in the United States.<ref name="AHM2012" /> In 2012, [[Alaska]], California, Hawaii, [[Illinois]], Massachusetts, [[Michigan]], [[Nevada]], New Jersey, New York, Texas, and Washington were publishing election material in Asian languages in accordance with the [[Voting Rights Act]];<ref name="TPratt18OCT12NYT" /> these languages include Tagalog, [[Mandarin Chinese]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], Spanish,<ref name="SpanishChinese">{{cite book|author1=Jonathan H. X. Lee|author2=Kathleen M. Nadeau|title=Encyclopedia of Asian American Folklore and Folklife|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9BrfLWdeISoC&pg=PA334|year=2011|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-35066-5|pages=333β334|quote=Since the Philippines was colonized by Spain, Filipino Americans in general can speak and understand Spanish too.|access-date=September 28, 2017|archive-date=April 25, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425120133/https://books.google.com/books?id=9BrfLWdeISoC&pg=PA334|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Standard Hindi|Hindi]], and [[Bengali language|Bengali]].<ref name="TPratt18OCT12NYT">{{cite news |title=More Asian Immigrants Are Finding Ballots in Their Native Tongue |author=Timothy Pratt |location=Las Vegas |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/19/us/politics/more-asian-immigrants-are-finding-ballots-in-their-native-tongue.html?_r=0 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=October 18, 2012 |access-date=January 12, 2013 |archive-date=December 25, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121225194150/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/19/us/politics/more-asian-immigrants-are-finding-ballots-in-their-native-tongue.html?_r=0 |url-status=live }}</ref> Election materials were also available in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], [[Japanese language|Japanese]], [[Khmer language|Khmer]], [[Korean language|Korean]], and [[Thai language|Thai]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Five new Asian languages make their debut at the polls |author=Leslie Berestein Rojas |url=http://www.scpr.org/blogs/multiamerican/2012/11/06/10917/five-new-asian-languages-make-their-debut-polls/ |newspaper=KPCC |date=November 6, 2012 |access-date=January 12, 2013 |archive-date=June 10, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150610202415/http://www.scpr.org/blogs/multiamerican/2012/11/06/10917/five-new-asian-languages-make-their-debut-polls/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A 2013 poll found that 48 percent of Asian Americans considered [[Ethnic media|media in their native language]] as their primary news source.<ref>{{cite news |title=Half of Asian Americans rely on ethnic media: poll |author=Shaun Tandon |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j9a2fd2pl5VdCcAJ4QPD4ou3HsuQ?docId=CNG.bef0de9c35071a6327f04b90055f047a.71 |via=Google News |agency=[[Agence France-Presse]] |date=January 17, 2013 |access-date=January 25, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130216042259/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5j9a2fd2pl5VdCcAJ4QPD4ou3HsuQ?docId=CNG.bef0de9c35071a6327f04b90055f047a.71 |archive-date= 16 February 2013 }}</ref> The [[2000 United States census|2000 census]] found the more prominent languages of the Asian American community to include the Chinese languages ([[Standard Cantonese|Cantonese]], [[Taishanese]], and [[Hokkien]]), [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]], [[Korean language|Korean]], Japanese, Hindi, [[Urdu]], [[Telugu language|Telugu]], and [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]].<ref name="CensusLang">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-29.pdf |date=October 2003 |first1=Hyon B. |last1=Shin |first2=Rosalind |last2=Bruno |title=Language Use and English-Speaking Ability: 2000: Census 2000 Brief|website=census.gov|access-date=November 22, 2017|archive-date=February 18, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218000958/http://www.census.gov/prod/2003pubs/c2kbr-29.pdf|url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2008, the Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tagalog, and Vietnamese languages are all used in elections in Alaska, California, Hawaii, Illinois, New York, Texas, and Washington state.<ref name="AsianLang">"[https://web.archive.org/web/20080731133121/http://www.eac.gov/News/press/eac-issues-glossaries-of-election-terms-in-five-asian-languages/ EAC Issues Glossaries of Election Terms in Five Asian Languages Translations to Make Voting More Accessible to a Majority of Asian American Citizens]". Election Assistance Commission. June 20, 2008. (Archived from [http://www.eac.gov/News/press/eac-issues-glossaries-of-election-terms-in-five-asian-languages/ the original] on July 31, 2008).</ref> ===Sexuality=== According to a Gallup survey conducted from June to September 2012, 4.3% of Asian Americans self-identify as [[LGBT]], compared to 3.4% of the general American population. This makes the Asian-American population disproportionately over-represented within the LGBT community.<ref name=LGBT>{{cite news |title=Gallup study: 3.4 percent of US adults are LGBT |author=David Crary |agency=Associated Press |url=http://www.wtop.com/?nid=893&sid=3083798 |newspaper=[[WTOP-FM|WTOP]] |date=October 18, 2012 |access-date=October 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130513014145/http://www.wtop.com/?nid=893&sid=3083798 |archive-date= May 13, 2013 }}<br />{{cite web |url=http://www.gallup.com/poll/158066/special-report-adults-identify-lgbt.aspx |title=Special Report: 3.4% of U.S. Adults Identify as LGBT |author=Gary J. Gates |author2=Frank Newport |date=October 18, 2012 |website=Gallup |access-date=17 March 2017 |quote=Nonwhites are more likely than white segments of the U.S. population to identify as LGBT. The survey results show that 4.6% of [[African Americans]] identify as LGBT, along with 4.0% of Hispanics and 4.3% of Asians. The disproportionately higher representation of LGBT status among nonwhite population segments corresponds to the slightly below-average 3.2% of white Americans who identified as LGBT.}}</ref> In a Gallup survey conducted in 2017, 4.9 percent of Asian Americans identified as LGBT, representing the second-highest growth of LGBT representation in the United States, behind [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic Americans]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.gallup.com/poll/234863/estimate-lgbt-population-rises.aspx |first1=Frank |last1=Newport |title=In U.S., Estimate of LGBT Population Rises to 4.5% |date=2018-05-22|website=Gallup |language=en-us|access-date=2019-12-09}}</ref> ===Religion=== {{Pie chart | thumb = right | caption = Religious affiliation of Asian Americans in 2023<ref name="Mohamed Rotolo 2023">{{cite web | last1=Mohamed | first1=Besheer | last2=Rotolo | first2=Michael | title=Religion Among Asian Americans | website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project | date=2023-10-11 | url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/religion-among-asian-americans/ | access-date=2023-10-14}}</ref> | label1=[[Christianity]] | value1=34 | color1=#B14532 | label2=Unaffiliated | value2=32 | color2=#736B7D | label3=[[Buddhism]] | value3=11 | color3=#DFA146 | label4=[[Hinduism]] | value4=11 | color4=#D8BF75 | label5=[[Islam]] | value5=6 | color5=#969D55 | label6=Other faith | value6=4 | color6=#DCD9C9 | label7=No answer | value7=2 | color7=White }} According to a [[Pew Research Center]] survey conducted from July 5, 2022, to January 27, 2023, the religious landscape of Asian Americans is both diverse and evolving, encompassing Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and the unaffiliated. These religious identities often intersect with cultural practices, creating a unique blend of spirituality that varies significantly across subgroups. Beyond formal identification, many Asian Americans express cultural or ancestral connections to religious traditions, highlighting the multifaceted role of religion in their lives.<ref name="religion2012">"[http://www.pewforum.org/2012/07/19/asian-americans-a-mosaic-of-faiths-overview/ Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths]" (overview) ([https://web.archive.org/web/20140428175458/http://www.pewforum.org/2012/07/19/asian-americans-a-mosaic-of-faiths-overview/ Archive]). [[Pew Research]]. July 19, 2020. Retrieved on May 3, 2020.</ref> Christianity has experienced the largest decline, dropping from 42% in 2012 to 34% in 2023, reflecting increasing secularisation in the United States and immigration from countries in which Christianity is a minority religion (China and India in particular).<ref name="religion2012" /><ref>Leffel, Gregory P. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=1SxtAAAAQBAJ Faith Seeking Action: Mission, Social Movements, and the Church in Motion] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529204157/https://books.google.com/books?id=1SxtAAAAQBAJ|date=May 29, 2020}}''. Scarecrow Press, 2007. {{ISBN|1461658578}}. p. 39</ref> This development has been accompanied by a rise in [[Eastern religions|traditional Asian religions]], with the people identifying with them doubling during the same decade.<ref>Sawyer, Mary R. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=W8sRg3KLL14C The Church on the Margins: Living Christian Community] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531072546/https://books.google.com/books?id=W8sRg3KLL14C|date=May 31, 2020}}''. A&C Black, 2003. {{ISBN|1563383667}}. p. 156</ref> ====Christianity==== {{Further|Christianity in the United States}} Christianity encompasses the largest tradition, accounting for 34% of Asian American adults. This group is evenly split by Catholics (17%) and Protestants (16%), including 10% who identify as evangelical Protestants. Beyond formal religious identification, an additional 18% report a cultural or familial closeness to Christianity.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Besheer Mohamed and Michael |date=2023-10-11 |title=1. Christianity among Asian Americans |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/christianity-among-asian-americans/ |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}</ref> Filipino and Korean Americans display particularly strong affiliations with Christianity. Among Filipino Americans, 74% identify as Christian, and when considering those who feel culturally close to Christianity, this figure rises to 90%. Among Korean Americans, 59% identify as Christians, and 81% express some connection to the faith. Most Filipino Americans are Catholic (57%), whereas Korean Americans tend to be Protestant, with 34% identifying as evangelical Protestants.<ref name=":4" /> ====Unaffiliated==== {{Further|Irreligion in the United States}} The religiously unaffiliated encompasses individuals identifying as atheist, agnostic, or "nothing in particular." The share of those who are religiously unaffiliated has increased from 26% in 2012 to 32% in 2023. Despite a lack of formal religious affiliation, a significant number of religiously unaffiliated Asian Americans maintain a connection to various religious or philosophical traditions due to cultural or ancestral reasons. In total, only 12% of Asian Americans report having no connection to any religious or philosophical tradition.<ref name="Mohamed Rotolo 2023 unaffiliated">{{cite web |last1=Mohamed |first1=Besheer |last2=Rotolo |first2=Michael |date=2023-10-11 |title=6. Religiously unaffiliated Asian Americans |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/religiously-unaffiliated-asian-americans/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref> Among Asian Americans, Chinese and Japanese Americans are more likely to be religiously unaffiliated, with 56% and 47% respectively identifying as such. Both groups are also more likely to feel a cultural or ancestral connection to a faith tradition despite their lack of formal religious affiliation. Conversely, Indian, Filipino, and Vietnamese Americans are considerably less likely to be religiously unaffiliated and more likely to express some form of connection to a religious tradition.<ref name="Mohamed Rotolo 2023 unaffiliated" /> ==== Buddhism ==== {{Further|Buddhism in the United States}} According to a 2023 Pew Research Center report, approximately 11% of Asian American adults identify as Buddhists, a slight decline from 14% in 2012. Beyond formal identification, an additional 21% report feeling culturally or ancestrally connected to Buddhism, bringing the total with some affiliation to one-third of Asian Americans. Among Vietnamese Americans, 37% identify as Buddhist - the highest proportion among major Asian American subgroups.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Besheer Mohamed and Michael |date=2023-10-11 |title=2. Buddhism among Asian Americans |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/buddhism-among-asian-americans/ |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}</ref> Among Japanese and Chinese Americans, formal Buddhist affiliation is less pronounced, but cultural connections remain robust. For instance, while only 19% of Japanese Americans identify as Buddhist, a significant share feel a closeness to Buddhist traditions, reflecting its philosophical and cultural integration into their heritage. Notably, home-based worship through shrines or altars is prevalent, with 63% of Asian American Buddhists practising such rituals compared to lower attendance rates at formal religious services.<ref name=":2" /> ==== Hinduism ==== {{Further|Hinduism in the United States}} About 11% of Asian American adults identify as Hindu, which has been stable since 2012. Indian Americans constitute the largest group of Hindus, with nearly half (48%) identifying with this tradition. Moreover, an additional 19% of Asian Americans report feeling a cultural or ancestral connection to Hinduism, reflecting the interplay between religious and cultural identities. Altogether, two-thirds of Indian Americans express some form of affiliation with Hinduism, reflecting its central role within this community.<ref name="Mohamed Rotolo 2023 Christian">{{cite web |last1=Mohamed |first1=Besheer |last2=Rotolo |first2=Michael |date=2023-10-11 |title=3. Hinduism among Asian Americans |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/hinduism-among-asian-americans/ |access-date=2023-10-14 |website=Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project}}</ref> Hinduism among Asian Americans is notable for its private worship practices. Nearly 79% of Asian American Hindus use an altar, shrine, or religious symbol for worship at home - the highest percentage among Asian American religious groups. At the same time, 31% of Hindus also report attending religious services at least monthly.<ref name="Mohamed Rotolo 2023 Christian" /> ==== Islam ==== {{Further|Islam in the United States}} Islam represents about 6% of Asian Americans, with an additional 3% expressing a cultural connection to the faith. South Asian Americans, predominantly those of Pakistani and Bangladeshi origin, account for the largest share of Muslims followed by those of Indian origin.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web |last=Rotolo |first=Besheer Mohamed and Michael |date=2023-10-11 |title=4. Islam among Asian Americans |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2023/10/11/islam-among-asian-americans/ |access-date=2024-12-29 |website=Pew Research Center |language=en-US}}</ref> For many Asian American Muslims, religion plays a central role in daily life. About 60% report that religion is very important to them, and 54% attend mosque services at least monthly. This group also emphasises communal practices, with a strong focus on maintaining religious traditions within family and community settings.<ref name=":6" />
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