Editing Archimedes' screw (section)

===Development and modern use===
German engineer [[Konrad Kyeser]] equipped the Archimedes screw with a crank mechanism in his ''[[Bellifortis]]'' (1405). This mechanism quickly replaced the ancient practice of working the pipe by treading.<ref>{{harvnb|White|1962|pp=105, 111, 168}}</ref> The world's first seagoing [[steamboat|steamship]] driven by a screw propeller was the [[SS Archimedes|SS ''Archimedes'']], which was launched in 1839 and named in honor of Archimedes and his work on the screw.<ref>{{cite web|title = SS Archimedes|publisher = wrecksite.eu|url = http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?636|access-date = 22 January 2011|archive-date = 2 October 2011|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111002100032/http://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?636|url-status = live}}</ref> Developments in maritime transport occurred over the next 180 years from the Fawcett, Preston and Company double blade design and patents by Sharrow Marine to address rotary propulsion and flow control on boating vessels through loop propellers. Electricity generation through hydropower pumps such as the Meriden project operated by New England Hydropower also uses Archimedes screw to direct water into the top, rather than the bottom, of the screw which forces it to rotate.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.courant.com/news/connecticut/hc-meriden-archimedes-screw-power-20161228-story.html|title=Archimedes Screw Being Used To Generate Power At Meriden Dam|last=HLADKY|first=GREGORY B.|work=courant.com|access-date=2017-08-01|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.nhregister.com/business/20170525/meriden-power-plant-uses-archimedes-screw-turbine|title=Meriden power plant uses Archimedes Screw Turbine|access-date=2017-08-01|language=en}}</ref>

[[File:IMG 1729 Gemaal met schroef van Archimedes bij Kinderdijk.JPG|thumb|Modern Archimedes' screw which have replaced some of the [[windmill]]s used to drain the [[polder]]s at [[Kinderdijk]] in the [[Netherlands]]]]
[[File:Schroef van Archimedes.jpg|thumb|Archimedes screw as a form of art by [[Tony Cragg]] at [['s-Hertogenbosch]] in the [[Netherlands]]]]

Archimedes screws are used in [[sewage treatment]] plants because they cope well with varying rates of flow and with suspended solids.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lift-water-with-an-archimedes-screw/|title=Lift Water with an Archimedes Screw|author=Ben Finio|date=July 11, 2019|publisher=Scientific American}}</ref> [[Screw turbine]]s (ASTs) are a new form of generator for small hydroelectric powerplants that could be applied even in low-head sites. The low rotation speed of ASTs reduces negative impacts on aquatic life and fish. This technology is used primarily at fish hatcheries to lift fish safely from ponds and transport them to another location. An Archimedes screw was used in the successful 2001 stabilization of the [[Leaning Tower of Pisa]]. Small amounts of [[subsoil]] saturated by groundwater were removed from far below the north side of the tower, and the weight of the tower itself corrected the lean.

Other inventions using Archimedes screws include the [[auger conveyor]] in a [[snow blower]], [[grain elevator]], [[concrete mixer]] and [[chocolate fountain]].