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===1901–present=== *[[1910]] – Frenchman [[Louis Paulhan]] wins the [[1910 London to Manchester air race]], the first long-distance [[Air racing|aeroplane race]] in the United Kingdom. *[[1920]] – The [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]] is founded. *[[1923]] – [[Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium]] is opened, named initially as the Empire Stadium. *[[1930]] – The [[Independence Producers]] host the first [[night game]] in the history of [[Professional baseball|Organized Baseball]] in [[Independence, Kansas]]. *[[1937]] – [[South Africa]]n medical researcher [[Max Theiler]] develops the [[yellow fever]] [[vaccine]] at the [[Rockefeller Foundation]] in [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite journal |title=The Yellow Fever Vaccine: A History |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/44853136 |journal=ResearchGate |date=June 2010 |volume=83 |pages=77–85 |language=en|last1=Frierson |first1=J. |issue=2 |pmid=20589188 |pmc=2892770 }}</ref> *[[1941]] – The [[Ustaše]] [[Gudovac massacre|massacre]] nearly 200 [[Serbs]] in the village of [[Gudovac]], the first massacre of their [[World War II persecution of Serbs|genocidal campaign]] against Serbs of the [[Independent State of Croatia]]. *[[1944]] – [[World War II]]: Nine German [[E-boat]]s attack US and UK units during [[Exercise Tiger]], the rehearsal for the [[Normandy landings]], killing 946. *[[1945]] – [[Benito Mussolini]] and his mistress [[Clara Petacci]] are shot dead by [[Walter Audisio]], a member of the [[Italian resistance movement]]. * 1945 – [[The Holocaust]]: [[Nazi Germany]] carries out its final use of [[gas chamber]]s to execute 33 Upper Austrian socialist and communist leaders in [[Mauthausen concentration camp]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=1945: Key Dates|url=https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/1945-key-dates|access-date=2022-01-17|website=encyclopedia.ushmm.org|language=en}}</ref> *[[1947]] – [[Thor Heyerdahl]] and five crew mates set out from [[Peru]] on the ''[[Kon-Tiki]]'' to demonstrate that Peruvian natives could have settled [[Polynesia]]. *[[1948]] – [[Igor Stravinsky]] conducts the premiere of his American ballet, ''[[Orpheus (ballet)|Orpheus]]'' at the [[New York City Center]]. *[[1949]] – The [[Hukbalahap]] are accused of assassinating former [[First ladies and gentlemen of the Philippines|First Lady of the Philippines]] [[Aurora Quezon]], while she is ''en route'' to dedicate a hospital in memory of her [[Manuel L. Quezon|late husband]]; her daughter and ten others are also killed. *[[1952]] – [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] resigns as [[Supreme Allied Commander Europe|Supreme Allied Commander]] of [[NATO]] in order to campaign in the [[1952 United States presidential election]]. * 1952 – The [[Treaty of San Francisco]] comes into effect, restoring Japanese sovereignty and ending its state of war with most of the [[Allies of World War II]]. * 1952 – The [[Treaty of Taipei|Sino-Japanese Peace Treaty (Treaty of Taipei)]] is signed in [[Taipei]], Taiwan between Japan and the [[Republic of China]] to officially end the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]. *[[1965]] – [[United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1965–66)|United States occupation of the Dominican Republic]]: American troops land in the [[Dominican Republic]] to "forestall establishment of a [[Communist]] dictatorship" and to evacuate US Army troops. *[[1967]] – [[Vietnam War]]: Boxer [[Muhammad Ali]] refuses his induction into the [[United States Army]] and is subsequently stripped of his championship and license. *[[1969]] – [[Charles de Gaulle]] resigns as [[President of France]]. *[[1970]] – [[Vietnam War]]: US President [[Richard Nixon]] formally authorizes American combat troops to take part in the [[Cambodian campaign]]. *[[1973]] – ''[[The Dark Side of the Moon]]'' by [[Pink Floyd]], recorded in [[Abbey Road Studios]] goes to number one on the [[Billboard charts|US ''Billboard'' chart]], beginning a record-breaking 741-week chart run. *[[1975]] – General [[Cao Văn Viên]], chief of the [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam|South Vietnamese military]], departs for the US as the [[People's Army of Vietnam|North Vietnamese Army]] [[1975 spring offensive|closes in on victory]].<ref>{{cite news|last=St. George|first=Donna|title=Cao Van Vien, 1921-2008|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=January 2, 2009|access-date=April 28, 2019|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/02/AR2009010200923.html}}</ref> *[[1977]] – The [[Red Army Faction]] trial ends, with [[Andreas Baader]], [[Gudrun Ensslin]] and [[Jan-Carl Raspe]] found guilty of four counts of [[murder]] and more than 30 counts of attempted murder. *[[1978]] – The [[President of Afghanistan]], [[Mohammad Daoud Khan]], is overthrown and [[assassination|assassinated]] in a [[Saur Revolution|coup]] led by pro-communist rebels.<ref name="Thompson">{{cite journal|url=https://americandiplomacy.web.unc.edu/2019/02/1978-revolution-in-afghanistan/|title=The 1978 Revolution in Afghanistan|last=Thompson|first=Larry Clinton|date=February 2019|journal=American Diplomacy|department=Eyewitness|access-date=25 August 2021}}</ref> *[[1983]] – The West German news magazine ''[[Stern (magazine)|Stern]]'' begins publishing excerpts from the purported [[Hitler Diaries|diaries of Adolf Hitler]], later revealed to be forgeries.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Rentschler|first=Eric|title=The Fascination of a Fake: The Hitler Diaries|journal=New German Critique|issue=90|date=Autumn 2003|page=178|publisher=Duke University Press|location=Durham, NC|jstor=3211115|doi=10.2307/3211115}}</ref> *[[1986]] – High levels of radiation resulting from the [[Chernobyl disaster]] are detected at [[Forsmark Nuclear Power Plant]] in Sweden, leading Soviet authorities to publicly announce the accident.<ref>{{cite news|title=Chernobyl haunts engineer who alerted world|date=26 April 1996|publisher=[[Cable News Network|Cable News Network, Inc.]]|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9604/26/chernobyl/230pm/index2.html|work=CNN Interactive World News|access-date=28 April 2008}}</ref> *[[1988]] – Near [[Maui]], Hawaii, [[flight attendant]] Clarabelle "C.B." Lansing is blown out of [[Aloha Airlines Flight 243]], a [[Boeing 737]], and falls to her death when part of the plane's fuselage rips open in mid-flight. *[[1991]] – [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] launches on [[STS-39]], the first unclassified shuttle mission for the [[United States Department of Defense]].<ref name="cassutt200908">{{cite news |author=Cassutt, Michael |date=August 2009 |title=Secret Space Shuttles |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/space/secret-space-shuttles-35318554/?all |access-date=April 19, 2015 |work=Air & Space magazine}}</ref> *[[1994]] – Former [[Central Intelligence Agency]] [[counterintelligence]] officer and analyst [[Aldrich Ames]] pleads guilty to giving US secrets to the [[Soviet Union]] and later Russia. *[[1996]] – [[Whitewater controversy]]: President [[Bill Clinton]] gives a 4{{frac|1|2}} hour videotaped testimony for the defense. * 1996 – [[Port Arthur massacre (Australia)|Port Arthur massacre, Tasmania]]: A gunman, [[Martin Bryant]], opens fire at the Broad Arrow Cafe in [[Port Arthur, Tasmania]], killing 35 people and wounding 23 others. *[[2004]] – [[CBS News]] releases evidence of the [[Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse]]. The photographs show rape and abuse from the American troops over Iraqi detainees.
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