Editing Antarctic Treaty System (section)

=== International Geophysical Year ===
[[File:Antarctica 1957.jpg|thumb|1957 poster of Antarctica IGY projects]]
In 1950, the [[International Council of Scientific Unions]] (ICSU) had discussed the possibility of holding a third [[International Polar Year]]. At the suggestion of the [[World Meteorological Organization]], the idea of the International Polar Year was extended to the entire planet, thus creating the [[International Geophysical Year]] that took place between 1 July 1957, and 31 December 1958. In this event, 66 countries participated. At the ICSU meeting in Stockholm from 9 to 11 September 1957, the creation of a Special Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR) was approved, inviting the twelve countries conducting Antarctic investigations to send delegates to integrate the committee, with the purpose of exchanging scientific information among its members regarding Antarctica. The SCAR was later renamed to the Scientific Committee for Research in Antarctica.

Both Argentina and Chile stated that research carried out on the continent during the International Geophysical Year would not give any territorial rights to the participants, and that the facilities that were erected during that year should be dismantled at the end of it. However, in February 1958, the United States proposed that the Antarctic investigations should be extended for another year, and the Soviet Union reported that it would maintain its scientific bases until the studies being carried out had been  completed.