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==Temporal openings in traditional anapsids== Tsuji and Müller (2009) noted that the name Anapsida implies a morphology (lack of temporal openings) that is in fact absent in the skeletons of a number of taxa traditionally included in the group.<ref name=TsujiMuller2009FR/> A temporal opening in the skull roof behind each eye, similar to that present in the skulls of [[synapsid]]s, has been discovered in the skulls of a number of members of [[Parareptilia]] (the group containing most of reptiles traditionally referred to as anapsids), including [[Lanthanosuchoidea|lanthanosuchoids]], millerettids, [[Bolosauridae|bolosaurids]], some nycteroleterids, some procolophonoids and at least some [[mesosaur]]s.<ref name=TsujiMuller2009FR /><ref>{{cite journal |first1=Juan C. |last1=Cisneros |first2=Ross |last2=Damiani |first3=Cesar |last3=Schultz |first4=Átila |last4=da Rosa |first5=Cibele |last5=Schwanke |first6=Leopoldo W. |last6=Neto |first7=Pedro L. P. |last7=Aurélio |year=2004 |title=A procolophonoid reptile with temporal fenestration from the Middle Triassic of Brazil |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |volume=271 |issue=1547 |pages=1541–1546 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2004.2748 |pmid=15306328 |pmc=1691751}}</ref><ref name=PineiroetalCRP2012>{{cite journal |first1=Graciela |last1=Piñeiro |first2=Jorge |last2=Ferigolo |first3=Alejandro |last3=Ramos |first4=Michel |last4=Laurin |year=2012 |title=Cranial morphology of the Early Permian mesosaurid ''Mesosaurus tenuidens'' and the evolution of the lower temporal fenestration reassessed |journal=Comptes Rendus Palevol |volume=11 |issue=5 |pages=379–391 |doi=10.1016/j.crpv.2012.02.001 |bibcode=2012CRPal..11..379P }}</ref> The presence of temporal openings in the skulls of these taxa makes it uncertain whether the ancestral reptiles had an anapsid-like skull as traditionally assumed or a synapsid-like skull instead.<ref name=PineiroetalCRP2012/>
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