Editing Algiers (section)

===Medieval history===
In 534 AD, the Vandal kingdom was subjugated by the general [[Belisarius]] of the [[Eastern Roman Empire]], making Icosium a part of the empire. In the early 7th century, "Beni Mezghenna" who are a [[Berbers|Berber]] tribe belonging to the [[Sanhaja]] as cited by [[Ibn Khaldoun]], settled on the plains of [[Icosium]] and the surrounding areas.<ref>entre MIHOUB et TABLAT Histoire et des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique … De ʻAbd al-Raḥman b. Muḥammad Ibn Khaldûn, {{p.|8}} [https://books.google.fr/books?id=3dYOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=ibn+khaldoun+mezghanna&lr=#PPA6,M1 Lire en ligne]</ref> Shortly after, in the late 7th century, the [[Muslim conquest of the Maghreb]] brought the [[Umayyad Caliphate]] into the region, but were faced with resistance from Berber forces led by [[Kahina]] and [[Kusaila]] in the 680s, who opposed the advancing Islamic armies. However, [[Hassan ibn al-Nu'man]] and [[Musa ibn Nusayr]] later defeated both Berber leaders, killing Kusaila at the [[Battle of Mamma]] (688) and killing Dihya at the [[Battle of Tabarka]] (702), leading to the subjugation of the Berber tribes, bringing Islamic rule into North Africa. The [[Abbasid Caliphate]] succeeded [[Umayyad Caliphate]] at around 750 AD. Independence movements across the [[Maghreb]] resulted in the breaking of two nations, the [[Idrisid dynasty]] and the [[Aghlabid Emirate]] but acted as agents of the [[Abbasids]] in [[Baghdad]]. Icosium fell into the hands of Aghlabids and abandoned the town. They were then overthrown by the [[Fatimids]] in 909 AD, who went on to control all of [[Ifriqiya]] by 969 AD.

The present city was re-founded in 972 AD by [[Buluggin ibn Ziri]], who was appointed by the Faṭimid caliph [[al-Muʿizz]] as governor of [[al-Qayrawān]] and any other territory his nation, the [[Zirid Dynasty]] might reclaim from its enemies, the [[Zenata]] tribesmen. His state accordingly expanded its boundaries westward. In approximately 1014 AD, under the reign of [[Badis ibn al-Mansur]], the dynasty was divided between the Zirids at al-Qayrawan in the east, and the [[Hammadid dynasty]] at [[Qal'at Bani Hammad]]; "Jazaʾir Banī Mazghanna", commonly known as "Algiers" as the new name of [[Icosium]] was absorbed into the [[Hammadid dynasty]]<ref name="Ruedy2005">{{cite book | author = John Ruedy | date = 12 August 2005 | title = Modern Algeria, Second Edition: The Origins and Development of a Nation | publisher = Indiana University Press | pages = 13– | isbn = 978-0-253-21782-0 | oclc = 1025661094 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WIRWgrbE_fEC&pg=PA13 | access-date = 6 November 2015 | archive-date = 21 May 2024 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240521144644/https://books.google.com/books?id=WIRWgrbE_fEC&pg=PA13 | url-status = live }}</ref> who in 1067 AD relocated to [[Béjaïa]] and carried on a lively trade while most of North Africa was under a state of [[anarchy]].{{citation needed|date=October 2024}}

In 1079 AD, [[Ibn Tashfin]], a Sanhaja leader of the [[Almoravid Empire]] sent an army of 20,000 men from Marrakesh to push towards what is now [[Tlemcen]] to attack the "Banu Ya'la", the [[Zenata]] tribe occupying the area. Led by [[Mazdali ibn Tilankan]], the army defeated the Banu Ya'la in battle near the valley of the [[Moulouya River]] and executed their commander, the son of Tlemcen's ruler. However, [[Mazdali ibn Tilankan]] did not push to Tlemcen right away as the city of [[Oujda]] was too strong to capture. Instead, Ibn Tashfin himself returned with an army in 1081 AD that captured Oujda and then conquered Tlemcen, massacring the [[Maghrawa]] forces there and their leader; He pressed on and by 1082 AD he had captured "Jazaʾir Banī Mazghanna".

In 1151 AD, [[Abd al-Mu'min]] launched an expedition to the east, conquering [[Béjaïa]] in August 1152, the capital of the Hammadids; on their way, Beni Mezghanna did not succumb and was now under the [[Almohad Caliphate]]'s control. The caliphate suffered from states breaking out of its rule, most notably, the [[Kingdom of Tlemcen]] in 1235 AD. The town once again came under the dominion of the [[Ziyanid]] [[sultans]] of the Kingdom but experienced a large measure of independence under [[Thaaliba]] [[amirs]] who settled the [[Mitidja]] plain at around 1200 AD.