Editing Adelaide (section)

=== 20th century ===
[[File:North Terrace in 1938.jpg|thumb|alt= Electric trams and motor cars at a crossroads in a densely built up area|The intersection of North Terrace and [[King William Street, Adelaide|King William Street]] viewed from [[Parliament House, Adelaide|Parliament House]], 1938]]
[[File:Aerial view of Adelaide, 1935 (adjusted).jpg|thumb|alt= Refer to caption|An aerial view of Adelaide in 1935, when it was Australia's third largest city. Of note is that only the eastern half of the new Parliament House (to left of station) had been completed.]]

Adelaide was Australia's third largest city for most of the 20th century.<ref name="Marsden">{{cite web|title=A history of Australian capital city centres since 1945|first=Susan|last=Marsden|url=https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/116290/1/apo-nid90876-207481.pdf|date=October 1997|access-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180404162603/https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/116290/1/apo-nid90876-207481.pdf|archive-date=4 April 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A History of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Adelaide 1876–2012|work=[[University of Adelaide]] Press|date=2012|pages=245|isbn=978-1-922064-36-3|last1=Harvey|first1=Nick|last2=Fornasiero|first2=Jean|last3=McCarthy|first3=Greg|last4=MacIntyre|first4=Clem|last5=Crossin|first5=Carl|publisher=University of Adelaide Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Patrick |last=Troy |title=A History of European Housing in Australia |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-521-77733-9 |page=188}}</ref> [[Street light|Electric street lighting]] was introduced in 1900 and electric trams were transporting passengers in 1909. 28,000 men were sent to fight in World War I. Historian F. K. Crowley examined the reports of visitors in the early 20th century, noting that "many visitors to Adelaide admired the [[Light's Vision|foresighted planning]] of its founders", as well as pondering the riches of the young city.<ref>F.K. Crowle y(1973). ''Modern Australia in Documents: 1901–1939''. Wren. {{isbn|085885032X|9780858850323}}</ref>

Adelaide enjoyed a postwar boom, entering a time of relative prosperity. Its population grew, and it became the third most populous metropolitan area in the country, after Sydney and Melbourne. Its prosperity was short-lived, with the return of droughts and the [[Great Depression]] of the 1930s. It later returned to fortune under strong government leadership. [[Secondary sector of industry|Secondary industries]] helped reduce the state's dependence on [[primary sector of industry|primary industries]]. World War II brought industrial stimulus and [[economic diversity|diversification]] to Adelaide under the [[Thomas Playford IV|Playford]] Government, which advocated Adelaide as a safe place for manufacturing due to its less vulnerable location.<ref>Cockburn, S (1991): ''Playford – Benevolent Despot.'' Axiom Publishing. P. 85. {{ISBN|0 9594164 4 7}}</ref> Shipbuilding was expanded at the nearby port of [[Whyalla, South Australia|Whyalla]].

The South Australian Government in this period built on former wartime manufacturing industries but neglected cultural facilities which meant South Australia's economy lagged behind.<ref name="Marsden" /> International manufacturers like [[Holden]] and [[Fiat Chrysler Australia|Chrysler]]<ref>When Chrysler stopped manufacturing in Adelaide, [[Mitsubishi Motors Australia]] took over the [[Tonsley Park]] factory. After many years of mixed fortunes, Mitsubishi ceased manufacturing at Tonsley Park on 27 March 2008.</ref> made use of these factories around the Adelaide area in suburbs like [[Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth]], completing its transformation from an [[agricultural economy|agricultural service centre]] to a 20th-century motor city. The [[Mannum–Adelaide pipeline]] brought [[River Murray]] water to Adelaide in 1955 and [[Adelaide Airport|an airport]] opened at [[West Beach, South Australia|West Beach]] in 1955. [[Flinders University]] and the [[Flinders Medical Centre]] were established in the 1960s at Bedford Park, south of the city. Today, Flinders Medical Centre is one of the largest teaching hospitals in South Australia. In the post-war years around the early 1960s, Adelaide was surpassed by [[Brisbane]] as Australia's third largest city.<ref name="Marsden" />

The [[Don Dunstan|Dunstan Governments]] of the 1970s saw something of an Adelaide "cultural revival",<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.southaustraliaremovalists.com.au/south-australia/adelaide.html|title=Adelaide Removalists South Australia|website=southaustraliaremovalists.com.au|access-date=14 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304114350/http://southaustraliaremovalists.com.au/south-australia/adelaide.html|archive-date=4 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> establishing a wide array of social reforms. The city became noted for its [[progressivism]] as South Australia became the first Australian state or territory to [[LGBT rights in South Australia|decriminalise homosexuality]] between [[sexual consent|consenting]] adults in 1975.<ref name=carbery>{{cite book |last=Carbery |first=Graham |title=Towards Homosexual Equality in Australian Criminal Law: A Brief History |year=2010 |edition=2nd |url=http://www.alga.org.au/files/towardsequality2ed.pdf |publisher=Australian Lesbian and Gay Archives Inc. |access-date=23 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190305143829/https://www.alga.org.au/files/towardsequality2ed.pdf |archive-date=5 March 2019 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Adelaide became a centre for the arts, building upon the biennial "[[Adelaide Festival of Arts]]" that commenced in 1960. The [[State Bank of South Australia|State Bank]] collapsed in 1991 during an economic recession. The effects lasted until 2004, when [[Standard & Poor's]] reinstated South Australia's AAA credit rating.<ref>{{Cite news |title=All-round country |work=The Australian |page=14 |date=29 September 2004}}</ref> Adelaide's tallest building, completed in 2020, is called the Adelaidean and is located at 11 Frome Street.<ref>{{cite web|title=Frome Central Tower|url=https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1350710/frome-central-tower-one-adelaide-australia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607154918/https://www.emporis.com/buildings/1350710/frome-central-tower-one-adelaide-australia|url-status=usurped|archive-date=7 June 2020|work=[[Emporis]]|access-date=20 January 2021}}</ref>