Editing 778 (section)

==== Europe ====
* A [[Francia|Frankish]] army (supported by [[Kingdom of Burgundy|Burgundians]], [[Bavaria]]ns, [[Brittany|Bretons]], [[Lombards]], and [[Visigoths]]) under King [[Charlemagne]] invades [[Al-Andalus]] (modern [[Spain]]), and conquers the cities of Pamplona and Barcelona. However, the Franks are halted at [[Zaragoza]], in the ''[[thughur]]'' or frontier zone of the [[Emirate of Córdoba]]. 
* [[August 15]] &ndash; [[Battle of Roncevaux Pass]] ([[Pyrenees]]): Charlemagne is defeated by the [[Basque people|Basques]]. Among those killed is [[Roland]], governor of the [[Marches of Neustria|Breton March]], who will be immortalized in the [[11th century]] epic ''[[The Song of Roland]]''. This marks the beginning of [[Middle Ages|medieval]] French literature.
* [[Saxon Wars#First phase|Saxon Wars]]: [[Widukind]] and his close followers return to [[Old Saxony|Saxony]] from [[Denmark]]. He probably makes [[Military alliance|alliance]]s with the [[Danes (Germanic tribe)|Danes]] and the northwestern [[Slavs|Slav]] tribes. Saxon rebels destroy the fortress of Karlsburg and sack [[Deutz, Cologne|Deutz]] (near [[Cologne]]), but are unable to cross the [[Rhine]]. They are driven back by the [[garrison]] of [[Koblenz]], but then [[ambush]] and defeat the Frankish pursuers. Counter-attacking Frankish forces pursue the [[Saxons]] up the [[Lahn|Lahn Valley]], and defeat them near Leisa.<ref>David Nicolle (2014). ''The Conquest of Saxony AD 782–785''. p. 12. {{ISBN|978-1-78200-825-5}}</ref>