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====Civil wars==== {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible sortable" |- ! style="width:130px;"| Name ! style="width:110px;"| Start date ! style="width:110px;"| End date ! Description |- |[[Myanmar conflict]] * [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)|Myanmar civil war]] |2 April 1948 * 7 September 2021 |''Ongoing'' * ''Ongoing'' |[[Myanmar|Myanmar's]] long-running insurgencies escalated significantly into a major [[civil war]] in 2021 following the [[2021 Myanmar coup d'etat|2021 military coup]] and the subsequent brutal crackdown on the [[2021-2022 Myanmar protests|anti-coup protests]]. |- | [[War in Darfur]] | 26 February 2003 | 31 August 2020 | A peace agreement was signed on 31 August 2020 between the [[Government of Sudan|Sudanese authorities]] and several rebel factions to end armed hostilities. |- | [[Mexican drug war]] | 11 December 2006 |''Ongoing'' | Following a rise in criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, Mexican President [[Felipe Calderón]] declared a war on drugs in December 2006.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.businessinsider.com/mexicos-drug-war-is-taking-worse-turn-2015-5 |title=Mexico's drug war is getting even worse |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=17 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160617112719/http://www.businessinsider.com/mexicos-drug-war-is-taking-worse-turn-2015-5 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since the start of the war, the death toll from drug violence had sharply increased.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://ncronline.org/news/global/counting-mexicos-drug-victims-murky-business |title=Counting Mexico's drug victims is a murky business |website=National Catholic Reporter |date=March 2014 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=28 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160528192211/http://ncronline.org/news/global/counting-mexicos-drug-victims-murky-business |url-status=live}}</ref> Arrests of key cartel leaders led to increasing violence as cartels fought for control of trafficking routes into the United States.<ref>{{cite news |first=Traci |last=Carl |title=Progress in Mexico drug war is drenched in blood |date=10 March 2009 |agency=Associated Press |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ilIZ5du3hOOeN7yatYIRIhFY-MJAD96RBGO00 |access-date=1 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315080309/https://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5ilIZ5du3hOOeN7yatYIRIhFY-MJAD96RBGO00 |archive-date=15 March 2009 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=High U.S. cocaine cost shows drug war working: Mexico |date=14 September 2007 |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN1422771920070914 |access-date=1 April 2009 |archive-date=4 December 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081204232646/https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN1422771920070914 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=CRS Report for Congress: Mexico and the 112th Congress |chapter=Mexico – U.S. Relations: Issues for Congress |editor-first=Mark P. |editor-last=Sullivan |publisher=Congressional Research Service |pages=2, 13, 14 |date=18 December 2008 |chapter-url=http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL32724.pdf |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-date=10 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100610113341/http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/row/RL32724.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | [[Somali civil war (2009–present)|Somali civil war]] * [[Las Anod conflict (2023–present)|2023 Las Anod conflict]] | 31 January 2009 * 6 February 2023 |''Ongoing'' * ''Ongoing'' | In 2009, [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]], an Islamist militant group, began waging an insurgency against the newly formed [[Transitional Federal Government]]. In 2011, the federal government captured [[Mogadishu]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL6E7J601H20110806 |title=Update 3-Somali government declares Islamist rebellion defeated |date=6 August 2011 |publisher=Reuters |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=10 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810134519/http://af.reuters.com/article/commoditiesNews/idAFL6E7J601H20110806 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and subsequently retook several towns across the country.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-20658236 |title=Somalia: 'Al-Shabab' militants forced out of Jowhar |publisher=BBC News |date=9 December 2012 |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=10 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160910111203/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-20658236 |url-status=live}}</ref> Since then, the government has attempted to clean out the remaining Al-Shabaab strongholds with help from [[African Union Mission to Somalia|AMISOM]] soldiers.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/09/somalia-president-says-godane-is-dead-now-is-the-chance-for-the-members-of-al-shabaab-to-embrace-peace/ |title=Somalia: President says Godane is dead, now is the chance for the members of al-Shabaab to embrace peace |publisher=RBC Radio |access-date=26 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906202740/http://www.raxanreeb.com/2014/09/somalia-president-says-godane-is-dead-now-is-the-chance-for-the-members-of-al-shabaab-to-embrace-peace/ |archive-date=6 September 2014}}</ref> |- | [[Mali War]] | 16 January 2012 | ''Ongoing'' | In January 2012, a [[Tuareg rebellion (2012)|rebellion]] by [[Tuareg people|Tuaregs]] in Northern [[Mali]] began. After Malian president [[Amadou Toumani Touré]] was ousted in a coup d'état, Tuaregs captured Northern Mali,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5grilySJ5EdrgURoNp1mt3AIJhTgg?do |title=Mali junta denounces 'rights violations' by rebels |last=Daniel |first=Serge |date=4 April 2012 |publisher=AFP |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130201201147/https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5grilySJ5EdrgURoNp1mt3AIJhTgg?docId=CNG.915a5505555757d7df5029b5b99451cc.261 |archive-date=1 February 2013 |access-date=26 June 2016}}</ref> and declared it to be the independent state of [[Azawad]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/04/20124644412359539.html |title=Tuaregs claim 'independence' from Mali |publisher=Al Jazeera |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=7 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120407041147/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/04/20124644412359539.html |url-status=live}}</ref> However, shortly afterward, various Islamist groups took over Northern Mali from the Tuaregs and imposed sharia law on the region.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9365390/Trouble-in-Timbuktu-as-Islamists-extend-control.html |title=Trouble in Timbuktu as Islamists extend control |first=Zoe |last=Flood |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=6 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706091133/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/mali/9365390/Trouble-in-Timbuktu-as-Islamists-extend-control.html |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | [[South Sudanese Civil War]] | 15 December 2013 | 22 February 2020 | On 22 February 2020, rivals Kiir and Machar struck a unity deal and formed a coalition government, after an estimated 400,000 deaths and more than 4 million people displaced by the war. |- | [[Libyan civil war (2014–2020)|Libyan civil war]] | 16 May 2014 | 23 October 2020 | Following the [[Factional violence in Libya (2011–2014)|factional violence]] that engulfed Libya after the fall of Muammar al-Gaddafi, a second civil war broke out among rival factions seeking control of the territory and oil of [[Libya]]. The conflict at the beginning was mostly between the [[House of Representatives (Libya)|House of Representatives]] (HoR) government that was controversially [[2014 Libyan parliamentary election|elected in 2014]], also known as the "[[Tobruk]] government"; and the rival [[General National Congress (2014)|General National Congress]] (GNC) government, also called the "[[National Salvation Government]]", based in the capital [[Tripoli, Libya|Tripoli]], established after [[Operation Odyssey Dawn]] and [[2014 Libyan coup d'état attempts|the failed military coup]]. |- | [[Yemeni civil war (2014–present)|Yemeni civil war]] | 16 September 2014 | ''Ongoing'' | Preceded by a [[Houthi insurgency in Yemen|decade-long Houthi insurgency]],<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2015/02/22/yemens-ousted-president-hadi-calls-for-houthis-to-quit-capital/ |title=Yemen's ousted president Hadi calls for Houthis to quit capital – World {{!}} The Star Online |access-date=26 June 2016 |archive-date=17 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717041643/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/world/2015/02/22/yemens-ousted-president-hadi-calls-for-houthis-to-quit-capital/ |url-status=live}}</ref> the Yemeni Civil War began between two factions: the then-incumbent Yemeni government, led by [[Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi]], and the [[Houthi movement|Houthi]] [[militia]], along with their supporters and allies. Both claim to constitute the [[Yemen]]i [[Government of Yemen|government]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/143295/asher-orkaby/houthi-who |agency=Foreign Affairs |title=Houthi Who? |first=Asher |last=Orkaby |date=25 March 2015 |access-date=25 March 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150327115828/http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/143295/asher-orkaby/houthi-who |archive-date=27 March 2015}}</ref> |- | [[Philippine drug war]] | 30 June 2016 | ''Ongoing'' | Following a rise in political and criminal violence as a result of drug trafficking in the country, the [[Philippines]] has been engaged in a drug war and escalating terrorism since [[President of the Philippines|Philippine President]] [[Rodrigo Duterte]] was [[Inauguration of Rodrigo Duterte|inaugurated]] on 30 June 2016. It had caused more than 5,000 deaths and over 150,000 arrests by the beginning of the decade.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-03/duterte-to-push-ahead-with-name-shame-in-drug-war-as-deaths-rise |title=Duterte to Push Ahead With Name-Shame in Drug War as Deaths Rise |first1=Clarissa |last1=Batino |first2=Cecilia |last2=Yap |date=3 August 2016 |website=Bloomberg |access-date=19 December 2019 |archive-date=1 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101052252/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-03/duterte-to-push-ahead-with-name-shame-in-drug-war-as-deaths-rise |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="feb19cnn">{{Cite news |url=https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/02/16/SWS-Filipinos-drug-addicts-decrease-2018.html |title=SWS: Most Filipinos believe number of drug addicts decreased in 2018 |newspaper=CNN Philippines |access-date=2021-10-05 |archive-date=18 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211018210638/https://cnnphilippines.com/news/2019/02/16/SWS-Filipinos-drug-addicts-decrease-2018.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> |- |[[Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)|Iraqi insurgency]] | 9 December 2017 |''Ongoing'' |A part of the larger [[Iraqi conflict (2003–present)|Iraqi conflict]] that has been waged since [[Iraq War|2003]], the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant]] has been engaged in an [[insurgency]] against the [[Federal government of Iraq|Iraqi government]] and [[Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve|CJTF-OIR]] since the loss of territorial control in the [[War in Iraq (2013–2017)|Iraqi Civil War]] in 2017. |- | [[Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)|Ethiopian civil conflict]] * [[Tigray War]] * [[War in Amhara]] |2 April 2018 * 3 November 2020 * 9 April 2023 |''Ongoing'' * 3 November 2022 * ''Ongoing'' |After years of increased tensions between the [[Tigray People's Liberation Front]] (TPLF) and the [[Ethiopia]]n and [[Eritrea]]n governments, a full-scale war broke out in November 2020, that has killed an estimated 300,000–500,000 people as of March 2022.<ref name="Ghent_death_toll">{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-tigray-war-has-seen-up-to-half-a-million-dead-from-violence-and/ |title=Tigray war has seen up to half a million dead from violence and starvation, say researchers |work=The Globe and Mail |date=14 March 2022 |access-date=16 October 2022 |archive-date=19 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219105708/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-tigray-war-has-seen-up-to-half-a-million-dead-from-violence-and/ |url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 November, both the Ethiopian government and TPLF [[Ethiopia–Tigray peace agreement|formally agreed to a cessation of hostilities]] and systematic, verifiable disarmament<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/african-union-agreement-reached-on-permanent-cessation-of-hostilities-in-ethiopia |title=African Union: Agreement reached on permanent cessation of hostilities in Ethiopia |newspaper=National Post |date=2 November 2022 |access-date=10 November 2022 |archive-date=25 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240525153752/https://nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/african-union-agreement-reached-on-permanent-cessation-of-hostilities-in-ethiopia |url-status=live}}</ref> though Tigrayan authorities allege that Ethiopia continued to launch attacks after the peace deal was signed<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tekle |first=Tesfa-Alem |date=2022-11-04 |title=Ethiopia government accused of drone attacks, shelling after peace deal |url=https://sudantribune.com/article266340/ |access-date= |website=[[Sudan Tribune]] |archive-date=4 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221104195220/https://sudantribune.com/article266340/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-04 |title=Tigray rebels accuse Ethiopia of attacks after peace deal |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221104-tigray-rebels-accuse-ethiopia-of-attacks-after-peace-deal |access-date= |website=France 24 |archive-date=5 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221105195140/https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20221104-tigray-rebels-accuse-ethiopia-of-attacks-after-peace-deal |url-status=live}}</ref> |- |[[Sudanese civil war (2023–present)|Sudanese civil war]] | 15 April 2023 |''Ongoing'' |In April 2023, clashes broke out in western [[Sudan]] between rival factions of the military government of Sudan. The conflict began with the [[paramilitary]] [[Rapid Support Forces]] (RSF) launching attacks on key government sites. {{As of|2023|04|23}}, both RSF leader [[Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo]] and Sudan's ''de facto'' leader and army chief [[Abdel Fattah al-Burhan]] have claimed control over several key government sites, including the general military headquarters, the [[Presidential Palace, Khartoum|Presidential Palace]], [[Khartoum International Airport]], Burhan's official residence, and the [[Sudan TV|SNBC]] headquarters.<ref name="BBC News">{{cite news |last1=Salih |first1=Zeinab Mohammed |author-link=Zeinab Mohammed Salih |last2=Igunza |first2=Emmanuel |date=15 April 2023 |title=Sudan: Army and RSF battle over key sites, leaving 56 civilians dead |work=[[BBC News]] |publisher=[[British Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415084000/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-65284945 |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref name="CNN3">{{cite news |date=15 April 2023 |title=At least 25 killed, 183 injured in ongoing clashes across Sudan as paramilitary group claims control of presidential palace |publisher=[[CNN]] |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/15/africa/sudan-presidential-palace-intl/ |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417064549/https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/15/africa/sudan-presidential-palace-intl/ |archive-date=17 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Mullany |first1=Gerry |date=15 April 2023 |title=Sudan Erupts in Chaos: Who Is Battling for Control and Why It Matters |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/sudan-khartoum-military.html |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415181904/https://www.nytimes.com/article/sudan-khartoum-military.html |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Akinwotu |first1=Emmanuel |date=15 April 2023 |title=Gunfire and explosions erupt across Sudan's capital as military rivals clash |publisher=[[NPR]] |location=[[Lagos, Nigeria]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2023/04/15/1170249456/gunfire-and-explosions-erupt-across-sudans-capital-as-military-rivals-clash |url-status=live |access-date=15 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230415141842/https://www.npr.org/2023/04/15/1170249456/gunfire-and-explosions-erupt-across-sudans-capital-as-military-rivals-clash |archive-date=15 April 2023}}</ref> |- |[[Wagner Group rebellion]] |23 June 2023 |24 June 2023 |On 23 June 2023, [[Wagner Group]] leader [[Yevgeny Prigozhin]] led a "March for Justice" against the [[Russian government]] for a supposed attack on his men by the [[Russian Armed Forces|military]]. A day later however, as his convoy was encroaching on Moscow, Prigozhin called off the rebellion in exchange for amnesty and other unknown reasons. |} <gallery mode="packed" widths="185px" heights="140" perrow="4"> Image:Myanmar_civil_war_(2021–present)_townships_map.svg|Territorial control during [[Myanmar civil war (2021–present)]] as of early 2022. Image:VOA Tigray Children2.jpg|A man passing by a destroyed [[T-72]] tank in [[Idaga Hamus (Saesi Tsaedaemba)|Idaga Hamus]] during [[Tigray war]]. Image:Screengrab of refugee camp from Number of Refugees Who Fled Sudan for Chad Double in Week.jpg|Sudanese refugee camp in [[Chad]] during [[Sudanese civil war (2023)]]. Image:Prigozhin rebellion Rostov tank with flowers in the muzzle June 24.jpg|A tank with flowers in the muzzle in [[Rostov-on-Don]] during the [[Wagner Group rebellion]] against the [[Russian government]]. </gallery>
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