Editing 1969 in music (section)

===Summary===
Among the most significant musical events of 1969 were concerts. At a [[The Rolling Stones|Rolling Stones]] [[Altamont Free Concert|concert]] in [[Altamont, California]], a fan was stabbed to death by [[Hells Angels]], a biker gang that had been hired to provide security for the event. In retrospect, some commentators have concluded that the violence signaled the end of the "[[hippie]]" movement, which espoused an ethos of [[free love]] and peace. Even more significant was the [[Woodstock]] festival, where some of the most famous performers in the world at the time played together in an atmosphere of peace with nature and love, with many thousands of concert goers; it is still one of the largest concerts in the history of the world.  The presence of [[Ravi Shankar]] reflected a growing interest in Indian and other Eastern music; Shankar later said that the 1960s "got India wrong".<ref name=Mahony>{{cite news|last=O'Mahony|first=John|title=Ravi Shankar bids Europe adieu|work=The Taipei Times |location=UK |date=8 June 2008|url=http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2008/06/08/2003414118|access-date=18 July 2009}}</ref> "Black Woodstock", the [[Harlem Cultural Festival]], took place in New York City.<ref>{{cite journal|first=Bryan|last=Greene|url=http://prrac.org/newsletters/aprmayjun2017.pdf|title=Parks and Recreation|journal=Poverty & Race|publisher=Poverty & Race Research Action Council|location=Washington, D.C.|issn=1075-3591|volume=26|issue=2|date=April–June 2017|pages=5–6, 8}}</ref> [[The Beatles' rooftop concert]] was the last time the band played together in public. The 1967 musical ''[[Hair (musical)|Hair]]'', originally performed off-Broadway, had generated an album and multiple chart hits in successive years, such as "[[Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In]]" and "[[Good Morning Starshine]]".<ref>[[Richard Zoglin|Zoglin, Richard]].  [https://web.archive.org/web/20080807052344/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1828301,00.html "A New Dawn for ''Hair''"],  ''Time'', July 31, 2008 (in the August 11, 2008 issue, pp. 61–63)</ref>

The [[Isle of Wight Festival 1969|Isle of Wight Festival]] in the UK saw the return of [[Bob Dylan]] to live performance after his motorbike accident in 1966.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/bob-dylan-how-the-isle-of-wight-festival-managed-to-steal-the-voice-of-a-generation-from-woodstock-10284257.html |title=Bob Dylan: How the Isle of Wight festival managed to steal the voice of a generation from Woodstock |newspaper=The Independent |date=29 May 2015 |access-date=30 August 2017 |archive-date=24 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200324013601/https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/bob-dylan-how-the-isle-of-wight-festival-managed-to-steal-the-voice-of-a-generation-from-woodstock-10284257.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

US and UK pop music remained popular worldwide, with few European acts making the charts outside their home countries; exceptions included [[Jane Birkin]] & [[Serge Gainsbourg]], [[Shocking Blue]], [[Georges Moustaki]], [[Aphrodite's Child]] and [[Christian Anders]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldcharts.co.uk/archives/european/euro65.htm|title=European Music Charts - Top 40 Singles|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314173855/http://worldcharts.co.uk/archives/european/euro65.htm|archive-date=2016-03-14|access-date=2022-12-31|website=www.worldcharts.co.uk}}</ref>

[[David Bowie]]'s "[[Space Oddity]]" was released at the time that American astronauts first landed on the Moon. The song, the story of an astronaut named Major Tom who goes into space and is entranced by the beauty of seeing Earth from such a great distance and consequently lets himself float off into space, never again to return, was chosen by the [[BBC]] as background music for the television coverage of the Moon landing. The remainder of the album, ''[[Space Oddity (album)|Man of Words/Man of Music]]'', was too eccentric for mainstream acceptance, though it established Bowie as a major performer and songwriter.

[[King Crimson]]'s ''[[In the Court of the Crimson King]]''n a pioneering album in the development of [[progressive rock]], drew upon contemporary influences to form a sound melding [[rock and roll]] with [[European classical music|classical]] influences in long pieces of music.  Similar albums by [[The Moody Blues]], [[Procol Harum]] and [[The Nice]], as well as [[Genesis (band)|Genesis]], [[Yes (band)|Yes]] and [[Pink Floyd]], were also released this year, expanding the range of prog rock and developing it into a full-fledged genre.

[[The Stooges]]' eponymous debut album, ''[[The Stooges (album)|The Stooges]]'', released in the United States to little critical or popular acceptance, went on to become one of the most important recordings in the early development of [[punk rock]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Galluci|first=Michael|title=The Story of the Stooges' Pre-Punk Milestone 'Fun House' |url=http://ultimateclassicrock.com/stooges-fun-house/|website=Ultimate Guitar|date=7 July 2015 |access-date=2017-03-01}}</ref> as did ''[[Kick Out The Jams]]'' by Detroit protopunkers [[MC5]].

[[Johnny Cash]]'s ''[[At San Quentin]]'' included his first Top Ten pop hit, "[[A Boy Named Sue]]".  The album was a sequel to 1968's ''[[At Folsom Prison]]''. Also in [[country music]], [[Merle Haggard]]'s ''[[Same Train, Different Time]]'', a tribute to [[Jimmie Rodgers (country singer)|Jimmie Rodgers]], was enormously popular and influenced the development of the [[Bakersfield sound]] into [[outlaw country]] within a few years.

[[Creedence Clearwater Revival]] cemented their success from the previous year. Having had a single US number 11 hit in 1968 with "[[Susie Q (song)|Suzie Q]]", they releases their second, third and fourth proper studio albums in 1969, as well as drawing a total of four top 3 hits from these three albums. Starting with ''[[Bayou Country (album)|Bayou Country]]'', including the US number 2 hit "[[Proud Mary]]", and continuing with ''[[Green River (album)|Green River]]'' and finally ''[[Willy and the Poor Boys]]'', which, during the year, transformed them from an up-and-coming underground act to bona fide rock stars. During 1969, Creedence Clearwater Revival had number 2 hits in the US with "Proud Mary", "[[Green River (song)|Green River]]" and "[[Bad Moon Rising (song)|Bad Moon Rising]]", and also have a number 3 hit with "[[Down on the Corner]]"/"[[Fortunate Son (song)|Fortunate Son]]".

[[Gilberto Gil]] and [[Caetano Veloso]] released enormously popular albums in [[Brazil]], ''[[Gilberto Gil (1969 album)|Gilberto Gil]]'' and ''[[Caetano Veloso (1969 album)|Caetano Veloso]]'', respectively.  The pair's fusion of [[bossa nova]], [[samba (music)|samba]] and other native Brazilian folk influences, melded with politically and socially aware lyrics, kickstarted what came to be known as [[Tropicalia]].  Both musicians moved to London after a period of imprisonment for anti-government activities in Brazil.

The UK band [[Family (band)|Family]] released their second album, ''Family Entertainment'', their first top 10 album in the United Kingdom, hitting number six, with "[[The Weaver's Answer]]" becoming their most popular song in their concert performances. By the end of the year, however, their first attempt to break through commercially in the United States had failed miserably.

[[Elvis Presley]] returned to live performances at the [[Las Vegas Hilton|International Hotel]] in [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]]; breaking all attendance records in his 57-concert run. He also enjoyed great success with his singles "[[In the Ghetto]]" and "[[Suspicious Minds]]".

The [[Wendy Carlos]] album ''[[Switched-On Bach]]'' was one of the first classical albums to sell 500,000 copies, and helped bring classical music into the popular sphere, as did [[Mason Williams]]' "[[Classical Gas]]", played on classical guitar, in addition to being accompanied by one of the first successful music videos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Classical Gas Original Video|url=http://www.classicalgas.com/gasvideo.html|access-date=2022-12-31|website=www.classicalgas.com}}</ref> The composition won three [[Grammy Award]]s: [[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition|Best Instrumental Composition]], [[Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance|Best Contemporary-Pop Performance, Instrumental]], and [[Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement|Best Instrumental Arrangement]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Story of Classical Gas|url=http://www.classicalgas.com/gasstory.html|access-date=2022-12-31|website=www.classicalgas.com}}</ref>  In the meantime, German trumpeter [[Manfred Schoof]]'s [[free jazz]] album, ''[[European Echoes]]'', a recording of his half-hour free improvisation broadcast on German radio in June 1969, featured international musicians and is regarded as a seminal album in the genre.<ref>{{Citation|title=Manfred Schoof - European Echoes Album Reviews, Songs & More {{pipe}} AllMusic|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/european-echoes-mw0000222563|language=en|access-date=2022-12-31}}</ref>

After the commercial failure of her last two albums, [[Cher]] starred in the film "[[Chastity (1969 film)|Chastity]]" which had a [[Chastity (soundtrack)|soundtrack album]] produced by [[Sonny Bono]]. SHer 6th solo studio album, ''[[3614 Jackson Highway]]'', was also a commercial failure, but was where she first explored blues and soul music, being highly praised by critics for her musical and vocal evolution.<ref>{{Citation |title=3614 Jackson Highway |date=1969-01-01 |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/3Q4MLOhuoqRLaOtB6ybvNE |access-date=2024-08-28 |language=en}}</ref>

[[Chutney music]] was also first recorded in 1969, in [[Trinidad and Tobago]] by [[Sundar Popo]].

1969 was the last year in which the United States government gave greater financial support, through the [[National Endowment for the Arts]] (NEA) "Music Program" to opera than it did to other classical music, and the first year in which it gave any support at all to [[jazz]] and [[folk music]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Binkiewicz|first=Donna M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f0v5ZwQWEL8C&q=1969%2520classical%2520music&pg=PA255|title=Federalizing the Muse: United States Arts Policy and the National Endowment for the Arts, 1965-1980|date=2004|publisher=Univ of North Carolina Press|isbn=978-0-8078-5546-1|language=en}}</ref>

[[New York City Ballet]] celebrated their 25th anniversary with performances at the [[David H. Koch Theater]] [[Lincoln Center]].