Editing 1901 (section)

=== January ===
{{Main|January 1901}}
[[File:Flag of Australia.svg|110px|thumb|January 1: The [[Commonwealth of Australia]] forms as [[British overseas territories|British colonies]] [[Federation of Australia|federate]].]]
[[File:Edward vii england.jpg|110px|thumb|January 22: King [[Edward VII]] ascends the [[British monarchy|British throne]].]]
* [[January 1]]
** The [[Crown colony|British colonies]] of [[New South Wales]], [[Queensland]], [[South Australia]], [[Tasmania]], [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] and [[Western Australia]] [[Federation of Australia|federate]] as the [[Australia|Commonwealth of Australia]]; [[Edmund Barton]] becomes the first [[Prime Minister of Australia]].
** [[Nigeria]] becomes a British protectorate.
* [[January 9]] &ndash; [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] reports that [[Christiaan de Wet]] has shot one of the "peace" envoys, and flogged two more, who had gone to his commando to ask the Burgher citizens of South Africa to halt fighting.<ref>{{cite book | last=Grant | first=Neil | title=Chronicle of 20th Century Conflict | year=1993 | publisher=Reed International Books Ltd. & Smithmark Publishers Inc. | location=New York City | isbn=978-0-8317-1371-3 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 18–19] | url-access=registration | url=https://archive.org/details/chronicleof20thc00gran/page/18 }}</ref>
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Queen Victoria]] of the United Kingdom dies at [[Osborne House]] on the [[Isle of Wight]]. She is 81 years old and, having ruled for nearly 64 years, will be the second longest-reigning monarch in [[British history]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref> Her eldest son, Prince Albert Edward, "Bertie", the longest-serving [[Prince of Wales]] to this time, succeeds his mother at the age of 59, reigning as [[King Edward VII]], of the [[United Kingdom]] and in innovation the [[British Dominions]] and also becoming [[Emperor of India]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Derrik|last=Mercer|title=Chronicle of the Royal Family|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ivo9okUs30wC|date=February 1993|publisher=Chronicle Communications|isbn=978-1-872031-20-0|page=478|access-date=November 11, 2020|archive-date=December 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207121924/https://books.google.com/books?id=ivo9okUs30wC|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[January 31]] &ndash; [[Anton Chekhov]]'s play ''[[Three Sisters (play)|Three Sisters]]'' (Три сeстры, ''Tri sestry'') is premiered at the [[Moscow Art Theatre]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Three Sisters|encyclopedia=Historical Dictionary of Russian Theater|first=Laurence|last=Senelick|author-link=Laurence Senelick|publisher=Scarecrow Press|year=2007|page=401}}</ref>