Editing 1881 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; General Order 70, the culmination of the [[Cardwell–Childers reforms]] of the [[British Army]]'s organization, comes into effect.
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Assassination of James A. Garfield]]: United States President [[James A. Garfield]] is shot by lawyer [[Charles J. Guiteau]] in Washington, D.C. The wound becomes [[Infection|infected]], killing Garfield on [[September 19]].
* [[July 4]] &ndash; [[Tuskegee Institute]] opens in [[Alabama]].
* [[July 7]] &ndash; The first episode of [[Carlo Collodi]]'s ''[[The Adventures of Pinocchio]]'' is published in Italy.
* [[July 14]]–[[July 20|20]] &ndash; The [[1881 London Social Revolutionary Congress|London Social Revolutionary Congress]] is held; delegates include [[Marie Le Compte]], [[Peter Kropotkin]], [[Errico Malatesta]], [[Saverio Merlino]], [[Louise Michel]], [[Nikolai Tchaikovsky]] and [[Émile Gautier]].
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Billy the Kid]] is shot and killed by [[Pat Garrett]], outside [[Fort Sumner]], [[New Mexico]].
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[American Indian Wars]]: [[Sioux]] chief [[Sitting Bull]] leads the last of his  people in surrender to United States troops at [[Fort Buford]] in [[Montana]].
* [[July 23]] &ndash; The [[Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina]] is signed in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=La guerra entre Chile y Argentina: Una mirada desde Chile|journal=[[Historia (history of the Americas journal)|Historia]]|url=https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-71942002003500009|last=Lacoste|first=Pablo|volume=35|pages=211–249|doi=10.4067/S0717-71942002003500009|year=2002|language=Spanish|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[August 3]] &ndash; The [[Pretoria Convention]] peace treaty is signed, officially ending the war between the [[Boers]] and [[United Kingdom|Britain]].
* [[August 27]] &ndash; The [[1881 Atlantic hurricane season|fifth hurricane of the Atlantic season]] hits Florida and the Carolinas, killing about 700.
* [[September 5]] &ndash; The [[Thumb Fire]] in the U.S. state of [[Michigan]] destroys over a million acres (4,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) and kills 282 people.
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Francis Howell High School]] (Howell Institute) in [[St. Charles, Missouri]], and [[Stephen F. Austin High School (Austin, Texas)|Stephen F. Austin High School]] in [[Austin, Texas]], open on the same day, putting them in a tie for the title of the oldest public [[High school (North America)|high school]] west of the [[Mississippi River]].
* [[September 19]] &ndash; President [[James A. Garfield]] dies eleven weeks after being shot. Vice President [[Chester A. Arthur]] becomes the 21st president of the United States.
* [[September 26]] &ndash; [[Godalming]] becomes the first town in England to have its streets illuminated by [[electric light]] ([[hydroelectricity|hydroelectrically]] generated).<ref>{{cite web|title=Godalming Power Station |url=http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=744 |work=Engineering Timelines |access-date=2010-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716111833/http://www.engineering-timelines.com/scripts/engineeringItem.asp?id=744 |archive-date=July 16, 2011 }}</ref>