Editing 1770 (section)

=== July&ndash; September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Lexell's Comet]] (D/1770 L1) passes the [[Earth]] at a distance of {{convert|2184129|km}}, the closest approach by a [[comet]] in recorded history.<ref>{{cite web|title=D/1770 L1 (Lexell)|url=http://cometography.com/pcomets/1770l1.html|work=Gary W. Kronk's Cometography|access-date=2012-07-02}}</ref>
* [[July 5]] &ndash; [[Battle of Chesma]] and [[Battle of Larga]]: The [[Russian Empire]] defeats the [[Ottoman Empire]] in both battles. When the news of the defeat reaches the Ottoman city of Smyrna ([[July 8]]), the crowd attacks the [[Rum Millet|Greek]] community of the city (perceived as favourable to the Russian cause) and kills an estimated 200 Greeks and three Western Europeans (although some reports estimate the number of victims at 3,000 or even 5,000 including "3 or 4 thousands who die due to the fright").<ref>{{cite web|last1=Rear|first1=Marjorie|title=William Barker. Member of the Right Worshipful Levant Company 1731-1825. A Life in Smyrna|date=2015|page=30|url=http://www.levantineheritage.com/pdf/Biography-of-William-Barker-Levant-Company-Merchant-Marjorie-Rear.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.levantineheritage.com/pdf/Biography-of-William-Barker-Levant-Company-Merchant-Marjorie-Rear.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Blondy|first1=Alain|last2=Labat Saint Vincent|first2=Xavier|title=Malte et Marseille au XVIIIème siècle|date=2014|publisher=La Fondation de Malte|isbn=9781291435467|page=161|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oX62BgAAQBAJ&q=massacre+smyrna+orlov+1770&pg=PA161}}</ref>
* [[August 1]] (July 21 [[Old Style and New Style dates|O.S.]]) &ndash; [[Russo-Turkish War (1768–74)]] &ndash; [[Battle of Kagul]]: Russian commander [[Pyotr Rumyantsev]] routs 150,000 Turks. 
* [[August 22]] ([[August 23]] by Cook's log) &ndash; [[First voyage of James Cook]]: Captain Cook determines that [[New Holland (Australia)]] is not contiguous with [[New Guinea]], and claims the whole of its eastern coast for Great Britain, later naming it all [[New South Wales]].
* c. September &ndash; [[Johann Gottfried Herder]] meets [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]] in [[Strasbourg]].
* [[September 24]] &ndash; In [[Hillsborough, North Carolina]], the [[War of the Regulation|Regulator Movement]] riots against local authorities.<ref>Charles D. Rodenbough, ''Governor Alexander Martin: Biography of a North Carolina Revolutionary War Statesman'' (McFarland, 2004) p28</ref>