Editing 1730 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[1730 Valparaíso earthquake]]: An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 9.1 strikes [[Valparaíso]], in modern-day [[Chile]] but at this time in the [[Viceroyalty of Peru]].
* [[July 12]] &ndash; The [[1730 papal conclave|papal conclave]] selects Cardinal Lorenzo Corsini over Cardinal [[Pietro Marcellino Corradini]] as the successor to [[Pope Benedict XIII]]. Corsini becomes [[Pope Clement XII]] as the 246th [[pope]].
* [[August 4]] &ndash; Maria Madlener becomes the last person to be executed after the [[Galgeninsel]] witch trials in [[Bavaria]], and is beheaded by sword.
* [[August 5]] &ndash; [[Frederick the Great|Prince Frederick of Prussia]], the eldest son of King [[Frederick William I of Prussia|Frederick William]] and a high-ranking officer, attempts to flee to England after deserting the Prussian Army and is captured along with his fellow officer [[Hans Hermann von Katte]]. Katte is executed, and Crown Prince Frederick is imprisoned at [[Küstrin]] (modern-day [[Kostrzyn nad Odrą]] in [[Poland]]) for a year before being forgiven by his father. Prince Frederick later succeeds his father as King and will be remembered as [[Frederick the Great]].<ref name=Durant>Will Durant and Ariel Durant, ''The Story of Civilization, Volume IX: The Age of Voltaire'' (Simon & Schuster, 1965)</ref> 
* [[August 12]] &ndash; General [[Nader Shah|Nader Khan]] of [[Persia]] captures [[Tabriz]] from the Ottoman Empire, bringing an end to the [[Western Persia campaign of 1730|Western Persia Campaign]], the first major action in the [[Ottoman–Persian War (1730–1735)]]. Tabriz becomes a permanent part of Iran. Nader leaves the city four days later to begin the [[Herat Campaign of 1731]].
* [[August 25]] &ndash; French Protestant [[Marie Durand]] is imprisoned in the Tower of Constance at [[Aigues-Mortes]] for her defiance of the Roman Catholic government, and is kept captive for the next 38 years. During her incarceration, she continues to resist converting to Catholicism as a condition of release. She is finally set free on April 14, 1768 and lives 8 more years.
* [[September 1]] &ndash; A volcano erupts on [[Lanzarote]], the easternmost of the [[Canary Islands]] and threatens the Spanish inhabitants. On [[Gran Canaria]], the regent of the islands reports to Madrid that the flames are visible even from {{convert|130|mi}} away.<ref name=Scarth>Alwyn Scarth, ''Volcanoes: An Introduction'' (Taylor & Francis, 2004)</ref>
* [[September 17]] &ndash; [[Mahmud I]] (d. [[1754]]) succeeds [[Ahmed III]] (ruled since [[1703]]) as [[Ottoman Emperor]].