Editing 1677 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 14]] &ndash; [[Battle of Landskrona]]: [[Sweden]] and its 13,000 troops, under the command of [[Charles XI of Sweden|King Charles XI]], successfully repel a 12,000-man invasion force from [[Denmark]], commanded by [[Christian V of Denmark|King Christian V]].  
* [[August 14]] &ndash; [[William III of England|William of Orange]], the leader of the [[Dutch Republic]], is forced to end the siege of the Spanish Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) city of [[Charleroi]] after six days.<ref>Olaf van Nimwegen, ''The Dutch Army and the Military Revolutions, 1588-1688'' (Boydell Press, 2010) p. 504</ref>
* [[August 28]] &ndash; During [[Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681)|war between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire]], Russian troops led by [[Grigory Romodanovsky]] and Ukrainian Cossacks led by [[Ivan Samoylovych]] arrive at the besieged Ukrainian city of [[Chyhyryn|Chigirin]] (modern-day Chyhyryn) and inflict heavy casualties on the encamped Turkish and Tatar troops.<ref>Ian Grey, ''The Romanovs'' (New Word City, 1970)</ref> Ibrahim Pasha, leader of the 45,000 member Ottoman force, retreats the next day and, by the time of the relief of Chigirin on September 5, the Ottoman Army has lost 20,000 men. Ottoman Sultan [[Mehmed IV]], outraged by the defeat, sends 200,000 troops the following year and destroys the city. 
* [[August]] &ndash; The French guild of the ''[[Maitresses bouquetieres]]'' is founded in Paris.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[Henry Purcell]] is appointed a musician to the court of [[Charles II of England]].
* [[September 17]] &ndash; Troops from [[Denmark]] invade and capture the Swedish island of [[Rügen]] and drive out the local population.  Five months later, on January 18, 1678, Sweden recaptures the island.  Nine months later, troops from Denmark and Brandenburg invade for a third time and capture the island again on October 22, 1678. Eight months later, Denmark is given the island back under a [[Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1679)|treaty ending the Swedish-Brandenburg War]] on June 29, but by then, the island of Rügen is in ruins. In modern times, the island becomes a vacation resort in Germany.
* [[September 18]] &ndash; the [[Kangxi Emperor]] of China grants titles and ranks to all of his wives, and names [[Empress Xiaozhaoren]] as his consort.