Editing 1670 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 11]] &ndash; Representatives of [[England]] (led by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]) and [[Denmark]] (led by [[Christian V of Denmark|King Christian V]]) sign a treaty of alliance and commerce, the [[Treaty of Copenhagen (1670)|Treaty of Copenhagen]]. 
* [[July 18]] (July 8, O.S.) &ndash; The [[Treaty of Madrid (1670)|Treaty of Madrid]], also known as the Godolphin Treaty, is signed between [[England]] and [[Spain]] to formally end hostilities left over from the [[Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660)|Anglo-Spanish War]], in the Caribbean, that ended ten years earlier. For the first time, Spain acknowledges that it is not entitled to all territory in the Americas west of Brazil, as provided by the [[1493]] line of demarcation decreed by [[Pope Alexander VI]], and by the [[1494]] [[Treaty of Tordesillas]] between Spain and Portugal. Spain acknowledges that [[Jamaica]] and the [[Cayman Islands]] are English possessions.
* [[August 17]] &ndash; A joint fleet of warships from England (commanded by Commodore Richard Beach on HMS ''Hampshire'') and from the Dutch Republic (led by Admiral Willem Joseph van Ghent on ''Spiegel'') rescue 250 Christian slaves and then sink six [[Barbary pirates|Algerian]] pirate ships in a battle in the Mediterranean Sea off of the coast of [[Morocco]] at [[Cape Spartel]].<ref>[https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/rmgc-object-11790 "Beach and Van Ghent destroy six Barbary ships near Cape Spartel, Morocco, 17 August 1670"], Royal Museums Greenwich</ref>
* [[August 26]] &ndash; The Parliament of France enacts a uniform criminal code for the nation with the passage of the [[Criminal Ordinance of 1670]], which takes effect on January 1. The code remains in force until October 9, 1789, when it is abrogated during the [[French Revolution]].  
* mid-[[August]] &ndash; Three Spanish frigates from Spanish Florida, sailing from St. Augustine and under the command of Juan Menendez Marques, arrive at [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]] harbor, preparing to attack the English settlement in South Carolina. The English settlers have been warned in advance by Indians who had found out about the invasion. Because of a storm, and the English preparations for a siege, Captain Menendez abandons the colony without attempting an attack.<ref>"Intercolonial Friction (1660-1700)", in ''Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present'', ed. by David Marley (ABC-CLIO, 1998) p. 173</ref>
* [[September 5]] &ndash; [[William Penn]] and [[William Mead (merchant)|William Mead]] are found not guilty of violating the [[Conventicles Act 1670]], after a five day jury trial in London. The two had been arrested on August 14 in front of a meeting house [[Gracechurch Street]] after preaching a Quaker sermon outside following a ban on preaching indoors. The defiance by the jury leads to the landmark English decision in [[Bushel's Case]].