Editing 1659 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 5]] &ndash; Five women are executed by hanging at Rome after being convicted of murder in the [[Spana Prosecution]] by distributing the powerful [[Aqua Tofana]] poison, sold primarily to women wishing to get rid of their husbands. Put to death on the same day are [[Gironima Spana]], [[Giovanna De Grandis]], [[Maria Spinola]], [[Graziosa Farina]] and [[Laura Crispoldi]], in the public square at the [[Campo de' Fiori]].<ref name=Monson/>
* [[July 16]] &ndash; Princess [[Henriette Catherine of Nassau]] marries [[John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau]], in [[Groningen]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; [[Dodda Kempadevaraja]] (Devaraja Wodeyar I) becomes the new [[maharaja]] of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]] (part of modern-day India's [[Karnataka]] state) upon the death of his cousin, [[Kanthirava Narasaraja I]]. He is crowned on August 19.
* July &ndash; [[Christiaan Huygens]]'s important work on astronomy, ''Systema Saturnium'', is published.<ref name="Huerta2003">{{cite book|author=Robert D. Huerta|title=Giants of Delft: Johannes Vermeer and the Natural Philosophers : the Parallel Search for Knowledge During the Age of Discovery|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QIelMWzUR6gC&pg=PA107|year=2003|publisher=Bucknell University Press|isbn=978-0-8387-5538-9|pages=107}}</ref>
* [[August 3]] &ndash; [[Booth's Uprising]], led by [[George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer|George Booth]], begins in the city of [[Chester]] as 3,000 royalists attempt a revolt against the military government of England. English Army troops begin marching on August 5 to suppress the rebellion.  
* [[August 7]] &ndash; As Booth's Uprising spreads to [[Liverpool]], [[Thomas Myddelton (younger)|Thomas Myddelton]], Randolph Egerton and fellow royalists take control of the town of [[Wrexham]] in [[Wales]] and proclaim [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] to be King.
* [[August 15]] &ndash; Two English warships block the entrance to the [[River Dee, Wales|River Dee]] to prevent supplies from reaching Booth's rebels in Chester, while Major General [[John Lambert (general)|John Lambert]] of the English Army advances into [[Cheshire]] at [[Nantwich]].
* [[August 19]] &ndash; At the [[Battle of Winnington Bridge]], the [[New Model Army|Protectorate Army]] of 5,000 troops, dispatched by Parliament and under the command of Major General Lambert, routs the 4,000 [[Booth's Uprising|anti-government rebels]] commanded by George Booth of England and [[Edward Broughton (Royalist)|Edward Broughton]] of Wales. Lambert and his forces, exhausted from their rapid march and the battle, elect not to pursue the fleeing rebels and less than 30 rebels are killed.<ref>James Atkinson, ''Tracts Relating to the Civil War in Cheshire, 1641–1659; including Sir George Booth's rising in that county'' (The Chetham Society, 1909) pp. 167-172</ref>
* [[August 27]] &ndash; Portuguese Jesuits led by [[António Vieira]] sign the [[Treaty of the Mapuá]] with various indigenous peoples on the [[Marajó Archipelago]] at the mouth of the [[Amazon River]].
* [[August 30]] &ndash; Poland's army of over 12,000 troops under the command of [[Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski]] and [[Krzysztof Grodzicki]], takes back the city of [[Grudziadz]], which has been under Sweden's control since the end of 1655, after a [[Battle of Grudziądz (1659)|siege of seven days]]. Much of the town is left in ruins after a fire and bombardment from Polish cannons.
* [[September 20]] &ndash; War between [[Dutch Republic|Dutch settlers]] and the native [[Lenape people|Lenape]] Indians, of the [[Esopus people|Esopus]] tribe, in modern-day [[Ulster County, New York]], in the U.S., as a group of Dutch settlers from the village of [[Kingston, New York|Wiltwijck]], [[New Netherland]] fires their guns at a group of Esopus men who have been sitting around a campfire. For the next ten months, the Esopus warriors, commanded by Chief Papequanaehen, fight a war with the Dutch that is finally settled with a peace treaty on July 15, 1660.
* [[September 22]] &ndash; The Ottoman-ruled island of [[Kastellorizo|Kizilhisar]] (called Castelrosso by Italy and in modern times the island of Kastellorizo in Greece) is captured from the Ottoman Empire by the navy of the Republic of Venice after nearly 150 years of Ottoman rule that had started in 1512.
* [[September 30]] &ndash; [[Peter Stuyvesant]] of New Netherland forbids tennis playing during religious services, marking the first mention of tennis in what will become the United States.