Editing 1645 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]] &ndash; Battle of Alford &ndash; [[Alford, Aberdeenshire]].
* [[July 10]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Langport]]: Cromwell wins in [[Somerset]].<ref name="history"/>
* [[July 21]] &ndash; [[Qing Dynasty]] regent [[Dorgon]] issues an [[Queue (hairstyle)#Queue order|edict]] ordering all [[Han Chinese]] men to shave their forehead, and braid the rest of their hair into a queue, identical to those of the [[Manchus]].
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[Tsar]] [[Alexei Mikhailovich]] of Russia comes to the throne.
* [[July 30]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: [[Covenanters|Scottish Covenanters]] under [[Lord Leven]] begin the [[Siege of Hereford]], a [[Cavalier|Royalist]] stronghold.
* [[August 23]] (August 13 [[Old Style]]) &ndash; The [[Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645)|Treaty of Brömsebro]] is signed between Sweden and [[Denmark–Norway]], ending the [[Torstenson War]] and ceding [[Jemtland]], [[Herjedalen]], [[Gotland]] and Ösel ([[Saaremaa]]) to Sweden, which also holds the province of [[Halland]] for a period of 30 years, as a guarantee.
* [[September 1]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: Scottish Covenanters abandon the Siege of Hereford and retreat northwards
* [[September 10]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]]: Prince Rupert surrenders Bristol.
* [[September 13]] &ndash; [[Battle of Philiphaugh]]: The Covenanters defeat Montrose at [[Selkirk, Scottish Borders|Selkirk]].<ref name="history"/>
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[English Civil War]] &ndash; [[Battle of Rowton Heath]]: Parliamentarians defeat the Royalist cavalry.