Editing 1642 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; Hundreds of sailors are killed when the French warship ''[[List of ships of the line of France#Ships of the Line ("vaisseaux")|Galion de Guise]]'' and the Spanish galley ''Magdalena'' become entangled during the [[Battle of Barcelona]]. A French [[fireship]] attempts to burn the ''Magdalena'' and accidentally sets fire to the ''Galion de Guise'', killing 500 of the 540 crew.<ref>[https://wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?206597 "Guise (+1642)"], Wrecksite.Eu</ref>
* [[July 3]] &ndash; The French Navy wins the [[Battle of Barcelona]].
* [[July 4]] &ndash; The [[Committee of Safety (England)|Committee of Safety]] is created by the English Parliament as a challenge to the authority of [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]. Five members of the House of Lords ([[Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex]], [[Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland]], [[Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland]], [[Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke]], and [[William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele]]) and ten members of the House of Commons ([[Nathaniel Fiennes]], [[John Glynne (judge)|John Glynn]], [[John Hampden]], [[Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles|Denzil Holles]], [[Henry Marten (regicide)|Henry Marten]], [[John Merrick (MP)|John Merrick]], [[William Pierrepont (politician)|William Pierrepoint]], [[John Pym]], [[Philip Stapleton]] and [[William Waller]]) are appointed to the Committee.<ref>"Committee of Safety", in ''The Concise Encyclopedia of the Revolutions and Wars of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1639-1660'', by Stephen C. Manganiello (Scarecrow Press, 2004) p.125</ref>
* [[July 10]] &ndash; In a prelude to the [[First English Civil War]], King [[Charles I of England]] [[Siege of Hull (1642)|besieges Hull]] in an attempt to gain control of its arsenal. The siege lasts until July 27, with Charles's Royalist Army failing to take the city from the Parliamentarians commanded by Governor John Hotham and General John Meldrum.
* [[July 12]] &ndash; The English Parliament votes to raise its own Army, under the command of the Earl of Essex.
* [[August 3]] &ndash; A Dutch Navy fleet of 14 warships, led by Hendric Harouse, begins a campaign to drive Spaniards from the island of Formosa (modern-day [[Taiwan]]) off of the coast of mainland China. After disembarking at Tamsui, the Dutch begin a siege of Fort Domingo, which falls on Saint Bartolomeo Day (August 24).<ref>James W. Davidson, ''The Island of Formosa: Historical View from 1430 to 1900'' (Macmillian, 1903) p.22</ref>
* [[August 4]] &ndash; [[Irish Confederate Wars]]: Lord Forbes relieves Forthill, and besieges [[Galway]].
* [[August 22]] &ndash; [[First English Civil War]] begins when King Charles I raises the royal battle standard over [[Nottingham Castle]], so declaring war on his own [[Long Parliament|Parliament]].
* [[September 2]] &ndash; [[London theatre closure 1642]]: England's Long Parliament orders the theatres of London closed, effectively ending the era of [[English Renaissance theatre]].
* [[September 7]]
** [[First English Civil War]]: The [[Siege of Portsmouth]] (begun on 10 August) ends with the Royalist garrison surrendering the port to Parliament.
** [[Irish Confederate Wars]]: Lord Forbes raises his unsuccessful siege of [[Galway]].
* [[September 8]] &ndash; [[Thomas Granger]] is executed by hanging in the [[Plymouth Colony]] (Massachusetts) following confessions to numerous acts of bestiality.<ref>{{cite book |last=Samaha |first=Joel |title=Criminal Law |edition=Ninth |publisher=Thomson/Wadsworth|location=Belmont, CA|isbn=978-0-495-09539-2 |page=60 |chapter=Chapter 2 |date=2007-03-07}}</ref>
* [[September 23]] &ndash; First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Powick Bridge]], a skirmish near Worcester which is the first engagement between elements of the principal field armies of the War.<ref name="CBH1642">{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=178–179|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>