Editing 1639 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 1]] &ndash; [[Parthenius I of Constantinople|Parthenius I]] becomes the new leader of the Eastern Orthodox Christian church as he is selected as Patriarch of Constantinople, succeeding Cyril II.
* [[July 16]] &ndash; A revolt in France begins in Normandy with the assassination of tax collector Charles Le Poupinel while he is working in the town of [[Avranches]]. The rebellion is brutally crushed on November 30.
* [[August 22]] &ndash; The British [[East India Company]] buys a strip of land from King [[Peda Venkata Raya]] of the [[Vijayanagara Empire]] for the construction of [[Fort St. George]], the first settlement of [[British India]], so founding modern-day [[Chennai]], capital city of the Indian state of [[Tamil Nadu]] (celebrated as [[Madras Day]]).<ref>Roberts,  J. (1994). ''History of the World.'' Penguin</ref>
* [[September 3]] &ndash; The alliance of cantons in [[Switzerland]] known as the [[Three Leagues]] or ''Raetia'' agrees with Spain to bring Italy's [[Valtellina]] area back into the alliance, on the condition that the Catholic faith of the natives be respected.
* [[September 18]] &ndash; Dutch Navy Admiral [[Maarten Tromp]] introduces the [[line of battle]] tactic in [[action of 18 September 1639|a battle in the English Channel]] against a much larger force of Spanish Navy ships, driving off 67 ships with his fleet of 29. <ref>R. Prud’homme van Reine, ''Schittering en Schandaal: Dubbelbiografie van Maerten en Cornelis Tromp'' (Arbeidspers, 2001) </ref>