Editing 1591 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 13]] &ndash; A Crimean army, led by the Tatar Khan [[Ğazı II Giray]], begins a siege of [[Moscow]]. 
* [[July 15]] &ndash; The [[Battle of the Berlengas (1591)|Battle of the Berlengas]] takes place off of the coast of [[Portugal]] as the [[George Clifford, 3rd Earl of Cumberland|Earl of Cumberland]]'s five English [[privateer]]s are surprised by five Spanish galleys commanded by General [[Francisco Coloma]], commander of the Armada de Guarda Costa. Cumberland's ship, the ''Golden Noble'', is captured. 
* [[July 18]] (6 Shawal 999 AH) &ndash; In India, the four-day [[Battle of Bhuchar Mori]] ends in the [[Gujarat]] state, as General [[Mirza Aziz Koka]] leads the [[Mughal Empire]] gains a decisive victory over [[Nawanagar State|Nawanagar]], led by the Sultan [[Muzaffar Shah III]].<ref>Abu Fazl (translated by Henry Beveridge), ''Victory of the K. Azim M. Koka and the Disgrace of Mozaffar Gujrati in The Akbarnama'' (Packard Humanities Institute, 1862).</ref>
* [[July 22]] &ndash; The [[R. Durtnell & Sons|Durtnell]] (Dartnell) family of [[Brasted]], [[Kent]], England, begin to work as building contractors. The business continues under thirteen generations of the family until ceasing to trade in [[2019]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Britain's oldest building firm collapses|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-48868113|publisher=BBC News|date=July 4, 2019|access-date=2019-07-04}}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; [[Siege of Knodsenburg]]: Dutch Republic staatholder [[Maurice of Nassau]] and English General [[Francis Vere]] defeat the [[Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza|Duke of Parma]] outside [[Nijmegen]] after a four-day siege.
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[Serdar Ferhad Pasha]] is appointed the new [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]] by Sultan [[Murad III]], replacing [[Koca Sinan Pasha]] following a revolt of the [[Janissaries]]. 
* [[August 9]] &ndash; The Khan of the Crimean Tatara, [[Ğazı II Giray]], is wounded by the defenders against his siege of [[Moscow]]. Gazi's brother, [[Fetih I Giray]], continues the siege, which is finally settled with a peace agreement and payment of 10,000 rubles in 1594.<ref>Ahmet Türk, ''The Crimean Khanate Under the Reign of Ğazı II Giray'' (Bilkent University, 2006)</ref>
* [[August 29]] &ndash; [[Peter the Lame]], ruler of the [[Principality of Moldavia]] (part of modern-day Romania and of Moldova) abdicates in [[Iași]] after having reigned for most of the previous 17 years. Peter's downfall comes after he is unable to raise the money paid as tribute to the Ottoman Empire. He is replaced by [[Aaron the Tyrant]] (''Aron Vodă'').<ref>Constantin Rezachevici, ''Cronologia critică a domnilor din Țara Românească și Moldova a. 1324–1881'' (Editura Enciclopedică, 2001) p. 432 ("A Criticism and Chronology of the Lords of Wallachia and Moldova, 1324–1881")</ref>
* [[August 30]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Flores (1591)|Battle of Flores]] begins off [[Flores Island (Azores)]]. By September 1, the Spanish fleet is victorious over the English and captures the [[English ship Revenge (1577)|English ship ''Revenge'']], fatally wounding [[Richard Grenville]].<ref name=Colledge>J. J. Colledge and Ben Warlow, ''Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of All Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy from the 15th Century to the Present'' (Pen & Sword Books Limited, 2021)</ref>
* [[September 4]] &ndash; The [[Kunohe rebellion]], which was started by Kunohe Masazane on March 13 on northern Honshu island in Japan's [[Mutsu Province]] (in the modern-day [[Iwate Prefecture]]), is suppressed by the samurai [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]], Chancellor of the Realm. The victory completes the unification of Japan.<ref>Stephen Turnbull, ''The Samurai Sourcebook'' (Cassell & Company, 1998) p. 241</ref> 
* [[September 5]] &ndash; A storm near the [[Azores]] in the North Atlantic begins, sinking a large number of the Spanish ships, including the recently-captured HMS ''Revenge''.<ref name=Colledge/> During August and September, at least eight intense hurricanes occur in the most severe of the [[Pre-1600 Atlantic hurricane seasons|pre-1600 seasons]] on record.
* [[September 14]] &ndash; [[Siege of Hulst (1591)|Siege of Hulst]]: [[Hulst]] is captured by [[Maurice of Orange]], the staatholder of the Dutch Republic.