Editing 1582 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; [[Battle of Yamazaki]]: Counterattacking forces led by [[Toyotomi Hideyoshi]] decisively defeat [[Akechi Mitsuhide]]'s smaller army; Akechi is killed while retreating to his domain.
* [[July 26]] &ndash; [[Battle of Ponta Delgada]] ([[War of the Portuguese Succession]]): Spanish admiral [[Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz|Santa Cruz]] decisively defeats a larger mercenary fleet from [[France]], [[Kingdom of England|England]], supporters of the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] claimant [[António, Prior of Crato]], and the [[Dutch Republic]], under [[Filippo di Piero Strozzi]] (who is killed) off the [[Azores]], the first engagement between large fleets of [[galleon]]s, operating at any great distance from the mainland.<ref>{{cite book|last=Walton|first=Timothy|title=The Spanish Treasure Fleets|location=Sarasota, FL|publisher=Pineapple Press|year=2002|isbn=1-56164-049-2|page=80}}</ref>
[[File:James VI of Scotland as a Youth.jpg|120px|thumb|Young King James, taken hostage]]
* [[August 23]] &ndash; [[Raid of Ruthven]] in [[Scotland]]: [[Presbyterian]] nobles led by [[William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie]] kidnap [[James VI and I|King James VI of Scotland]], the kingdom's 16-year-old ruler, while he is hunting in [[Perthshire]]. The Earl of Gowrie imprisons the King at Ruthven Castle as part of a coup d'etat to reform the Scottish government.<ref>Steven J. Reid, "Of bairns and bearded men: James VI and the Ruthven Raid", by Miles Kerr-Peterson and Steven J. Reid, in ''James VI and Noble Power in Scotland 1578–1603'' (Routledge, 2017), pp. 32–44</ref>
* [[September 28]] &ndash; Ruthven and his co-conspirators arrange for [[John Maxwell, 8th Lord Maxwell]], heir to former regent [[James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton]], to be installed as [[Scotland]]'s regent. Douglas had been executed in 1581 for the 1567 murder of [[Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley]], husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, and father of King James VI, who is imprisoned at Ruthven's castle.