Editing 1578 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 2]] &ndash; The Frobisher expedition reaches Canada and enters what is now [[Frobisher Bay]]. One of the ships, the ''Dennis'', is wrecked on an iceberg.
* [[July 31]]
** At the [[Battle of Rijmenam (1578)|Battle of Rijmenam]], fought near [[Antwerp]] in what is now [[Belgium]], a combined Dutch and English force under the command of the Count of Boussu and England's John Norreys defeats Spanish troops commanded by [[John of Austria|Don Juan de Austria]].
** According to some accounts, Englishman [[Martin Frobisher]] holds the first [[Thanksgiving]] celebration by Europeans in Canada, on [[Newfoundland (island)|Newfoundland]], after he and his fleet encounter two ships that they feared had been lost. However, the celebration involves no feast and is limited to a sermon by the expedition's minister and Frobisher's men giving praise.<ref>Melanie Kirkpatrick, ''Thanksgiving: The Holiday at the Heart of the American Experience'' (Encounter Books, 2016) p.31</ref><ref>Richard Collinson, The Three Voyages of Martin Frobisher, in Search of a Passage to Cathaia and India by the North-West A.D. 1576—8 (Hakluyt Society, 1867)</ref>
* [[August 4]] &ndash; King [[Sebastian of Portugal]] is killed in the [[Battle of Alcácer Quibir]] in North Africa while fighting the [[Saadi Sultanate]]. Sebastian's elderly uncle, [[Henry, King of Portugal|Cardinal Henry]], is named as the heir to the throne, initiating a succession crisis in Portugal.
* [[August 20]]&ndash;[[September 6]] &ndash; After renaming this flagship, ''Pelican'' to the ''Golden Hind'', [[Francis Drake]] and his fleet begin their passage through the [[Strait of Magellan]].<ref name=GoldenHind>{{cite web|title=Voyage of the Golden Hind|url=http://www.goldenhind.co.uk/voyage-golden-hind.php|work=The Golden Hind|location=Brixham|year=2012|access-date=2013-09-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117040846/http://www.goldenhind.co.uk/voyage-golden-hind.php|archive-date=January 17, 2013|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
* [[August 31]] &ndash; The Forbisher expedition departs North America for its journey back to England.
* [[September 6]] &ndash; After 16 days travel, the fleet of Francis Drake completes its traverse of the [[Strait of Magellan]] between the tip of South America and [[Tierra del Fuego]]. Upon entering the [[Pacific Ocean]], the fleet encounters violent storms. The supply ship ''Marigold'', with over 100 men under the command of John Thomas, is lost with all hands off of [[Cape Horn]].<ref name=GoldenHind/> The rest of the fleet continues its [[Francis Drake's circumnavigation|voyage around the world]].