Editing 1546 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 4]] &ndash; After the death of [[Martin Luther]], the leaders of the Lutheran [[Schmalkaldic League]] German states (Saxony, Hesse, the Palatinate, Württemberg, Pomerania and Anhalt-Köthen) gather at [[Ichtershausen]] as the guests of Saxon Elector John Frederick I in order to make plans to defend against the Roman Catholic forces of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].<ref>[https://danarehn.com/2021/12/19/protestant-princes-against-the-papal-beasts-from-rome/ Protestant Princes against the Papal Beasts from Rome] at danarehn.com</ref>
* [[July 8]] &ndash; [[James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault|the Earl of Arran]], Regent of Scotland for [[Mary, Queen of Scots]] recaptures [[Dumbarton Castle]] from England after a 20-day siege.
* [[July 10]] &ndash; The Schmalkaldic War begins with an attack by the Protestant German states against the town of [[Füssen]], a village of the [[Prince-Bishopric of Augsburg]] in [[Bavaria]].<ref name=Chanu>{{cite book |title=Charles V |first1=Pierre |last1=Chaunu |first2=Michèle |last2=Escamilla |year=2000 |publisher=Fayard |language=fr |isbn=2-213-60394-4 }}</ref>
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], imposes a ''[[Imperial ban|Reichsacht]]'' declaring Schmalkadic leaders [[John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony]] and [[Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse]] to be outlwas, and directs [[Maurice, Elector of Saxony|Maurice, Duke of Saxony]] to enforce it.<ref name=Chanu/> 
* [[August 14]] &ndash; The [[Scottish Parliament]] ratifies the [[Italian War of 1542–1546#Treaty of Ardres|Treaty of Ardres]].<ref>Thomson, Thomas, ed., ''Acts of the Parliaments of Scotland'', vol.2 (Edinburgh, 1814), pp. 473-4: Cameron, Annie I., ed., ''Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'' (SHS, Edinburgh, 1927), pp. 169-173.</ref>
* [[August 20]] &ndash; [[Claude d'Annebault]], [[Admiral of France]], arrives in England to negotiate English approval of the Treaty of Ardres to end the [[Italian War of 1542–1546]].<ref>Starkey, David, ed., ''[[Inventory of Henry VIII of England|Inventory of Henry VIII]]'', vol. 1, Society of Antiquaries (1998), p.108, no. 4132: , ''Letters & Papers Henry VIII'', vol. 21, part 1, (1908), no. 1384, no. 1530. 
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* [[August 24]] &ndash; [[Mircea the Shepherd]], ruler of the [[List of princes of Wallachia|Principality of Wallachia]] (now [[Romania]]) stages a surprise attack in the [[Battle of Periș]] and decimates the members of the Wallachian nobility ([[boyar]]s) who oppose his rule.<ref>"Periș, Bătălia de la", by Lucian Predescu, in ''Enciclopedia Cugetarea'' (Editura Cugetarea, 1940)</ref>  
* [[August 28]] &ndash; In the Imperial counterattack in the [[Schmalkaldic War]], the Holy Roman Empire army attacks [[Frankfurt]], the German stronghold of the [[Schmalkaldic League]], but is forced to retreat after a two-day siege.<ref>Elsbet Orth: ''Frankfurt am Main im Früh und Hochmittelalter'' ("Frankfurt am Main in the Early and High Middle Ages") in ''Frankfurt am Main &nbsp;– Die Geschichte der Stadt in neun Beiträgen'' (Frankfurt am Main - The history of the city in nine articles), Frankfurter Historische Kommission (Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1991)p.25</ref> 
* [[September 3]]  &ndash; [[Ilie II Rareș]] becomes the new [[List of monarchs of Moldavia|Prince of Moldavia]] upon the death of his father [[Petru Rareș|Petru IV Rareș]], in the Moldavian capital, [[Suceava]].<ref>[https://moldovenii.md/md/people/690 "Iliaş Rareş"], in ''Enciclopedia Moldovei''</ref> 
* [[September 8]] &ndash; The first Protestant Huguenot church in [[France]], established by Pierre LeClerc and Etienne Mangin at [[Meaux]] {{convert|25|mi}} from [[Paris]], is seized by the French Army and [[The Fourteen of Meaux|its 60 members are arrested]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bower |first1=H. M. |title=The Fourteen of Meaux |date=1894 |publisher=Longmans, Green, & Co. |page=59  |url=https://ia600203.us.archive.org/20/items/fourteenofmeauxa00bowe/fourteenofmeauxa00bowe.pdf |access-date=29 April 2023}}</ref> Ten women are released and 50 others put on trial for heresy. LeClerc, Mangin and 12 others are burned at the stake on October 8.
* [[September 23]] &ndash;[[Pier Luigi Farnese]], already the [[Duchy of Parma and Piacenza|Duke of Parma and Piacenza]], is given control of the Italian cities of [[Camerino]] and [[Nepi]] by after a donation to the  [[Papal States]], ruled by [[Pope Paul III]].<ref>Villari, Luigi (1911). "Farnese s.v. Pierluigi Farnese" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 183</ref>
* [[September 27]]  &ndash; [[San Salvador]], now the capital of the Central American nation of [[El Salvador]], is re-established in a new location at the Valle de Las Hamacas.<ref>Roberto Gallardo, [http://lamjol.info/index.php/KOOT/article/view/1145 "El origen de la identidad salvadoreña: Etnicidad en la antigua Villa de San Salvador]" (in Spanish), in ''Revista de Museología "Kóot"'' (2013) p.106. San Salvador, El Salvador: Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador. {{ISSN|2307-3942}}</ref> Until 1545, the colonial capital had been at the [[Ciudad Vieja, El Salvador|Ciudad Vieja]], {{convert|10|mi}} further northewest, near [[Suchitoto]].