Editing 1501 (section)

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 21]] &ndash; Portuguese explorer [[Pedro Álvares Cabral]] and his surviving crew return to [[Lisbon]] at the end of a 15-month expedition to India, with only seven of their original fleet of 13 ships. The cargo from India, however, returns a profit to the Portuguese crown of nine times its investment.<ref>''William Brooks Greenlee, The Voyage of Pedro Álvares Cabral to Brazil and India'' (Routledge, 2016) p. xxx</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; The [[Kingdom of Naples]], led by [[Frederick of Naples|King Federico I]], surrenders to Cesare Borgia's French and Aragonese troops.  
* [[July 27]] &ndash; [[Nicolaus Copernicus|Copernicus]] is formally installed as canon of Frauenberg Cathedral.
* [[August 1]] &ndash; [[John, King of Denmark|Hans, King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden]] is deposed from the Swedish throne after fleeing the country following the victory of Swedish rebels at [[Örebro]] during the [[War of Deposition against King Hans]]. His wife, [[Christina of Saxony]], is left behind at [[Stockholm]] as his regent of Sweden, to command a royal garrison at [[Tre Kronor (castle)|Tre Kronor]] ("Three Crowns"), the royal castle. Returning to Denmark, King Hans then organizes Danish troops to attempt to retake Sweden in the [[Dano-Swedish War (1501–1512)]].
* [[August 2]] &ndash; King Federico of Naples abdicates upon the conquest of the Kingdom of Naples by France, and France's King [[Louis XII]] becomes the nominal monarch as [[List of monarchs of Naples|Luigi II, re di Napoli]]. King Louis appoints [[Louis d'Armagnac, Duke of Nemours]] as France's [[List of viceroys of Naples|Viceroy of Naples]]. 
* [[August 27]] &ndash; [[Battle of the Siritsa River]]: The [[Livonian Order]], supporting the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] in the [[Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars#Second war (1500–1503)|Second Muscovite–Lithuanian War]], and commanded by [[Wolter von Plettenberg]], defeats an army of the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]] and [[Pskov Republic]].
* [[September 3]] &ndash; On complaints from [[Christopher Columbus]], who had been replaced as [[List of viceroys of New Spain|Viceroy of the New World]] and arrested in 1500 by [[Francisco de Bobadilla]], [[Isabella I of Castile|Queen Isabella of Spain]] orders that Bobadilla be recalled from [[Santo Domingo]]. Declining to allow Columbus to resume his brutal rule of the New World, the Queen appoints a friend, [[Nicolás de Ovando]], as the new Viceroy. Although Bobadilla receives news of his firing several weeks later, he declines to step aside. Ovando will assemble a fleet of 30 ships and depart Spain on February 13 for Santo Domingo.
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I, Archduke of Austria]], issues a decree making firearms safety tests mandatory.  
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[Alexander Jagiellon|Aleksandras Jogailaitis]], [[List of Lithuanian monarchs#Grand Duke|Grand Duke of Lithuania]], issues a decree requiring all Roman Catholic priests in the Duchy to become fluent in the [[Lithuanian language]]. 
* [[September 27]] &ndash; Queen Isabella orders New World Governor Bobadilla to return the assets confiscated from Christopher Columbus and the two other Columbus brothers.<ref>Lawrence Bergreen, ''Columbus: The Four Voyages, 1493–1504'' (Penguin, 2011) p. 287</ref>